Traditional and complementary medicine professionals

47.8%

ADI · 193rd of 433 · 95% interval 32.8–61.9

An AI agent can at least partly carry out 47.8% of the task time of traditional and complementary medicine professionals, and finish 1.0% alone. The barrier that holds most of the rest back is access to the systems the work runs on.

ADI · partial or full47.8%

193rd of 433 · interval 32.8–61.9

ADI3 · full delegation1.0%

162nd of 433 · interval 0.0–3.1

ADIs · share of time35.3%

215th of 433 · interval 29.3–40.9

Evidence54

task statements rated by two models and weighted by importance and frequency. World employment: 0.1 million.

Task weight by level

How the tasks rate

23%

29%

47%

L0No meaningful role · 23.4%L1Augmentation · 28.8%L2Partial delegation · 46.8%L3Full delegation · 1.0%

Barriers

What stops the agent

Physical presence

57%

Accountability

91%

Trust and care

79%

Access to systems

58%

Share of task weight flagged by each barrier; a task can carry several.

54 task statements, heaviest first

Task statement (O*NET occupation)			Sonnet · Haiku			Barriers
Perform diagnostic tests or measurements, such as motor testing, visual acuity testing, lensometry, retinoscopy, and color vision testing.Orthoptists	3.2%	L0	L0L1	10%	35 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Examine patients with problems related to ocular motility, binocular vision, amblyopia, or strabismus.Orthoptists	3.1%	L1	L1L1	14%	52 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Evaluate, diagnose, or treat disorders of the visual system with an emphasis on binocular vision or abnormal eye movements.Orthoptists	3.1%	L1	L1L1	20%	52 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Provide instructions to patients or family members concerning diagnoses or treatment plans.Orthoptists	3.0%	L2	L2L2	42%	20 min	Accountability, Trust and care
Provide nonsurgical interventions, including corrective lenses, patches, drops, fusion exercises, or stereograms, to treat conditions such as strabismus, heterophoria, and convergence insufficiency.Orthoptists	2.9%	L1	L1L1	15%	45 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Interpret clinical or diagnostic test results.Orthoptists	2.9%	L2	L2L2	58%	20 min	Accountability, Access to systems
Document patients' histories, including identifying data, chief complaints, illnesses, previous medical or family histories, or psychosocial characteristics.Naturopathic Physicians	2.7%	L2	L2L2	60%	42 min	Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Interview patients to document symptoms and health histories.Naturopathic Physicians	2.7%	L2	L2L2	58%	50 min	Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Develop nonsurgical treatment plans for patients with conditions such as strabismus, nystagmus, and other visual disorders.Orthoptists	2.7%	L2	L2L2	48%	52 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Educate patients about health care management.Naturopathic Physicians	2.7%	L2	L2L2	52%	30 min	Accountability, Trust and care
Advise patients about therapeutic exercise and nutritional medicine regimens.Naturopathic Physicians	2.7%	L2	L2L2	58%	42 min	Accountability, Trust and care
Administer, dispense, or prescribe natural medicines, such as food or botanical extracts, herbs, dietary supplements, vitamins, nutraceuticals, and amino acids.Naturopathic Physicians	2.6%	L2	L2L2	40%	38 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Develop or use special test and communication techniques to facilitate diagnosis and treatment of children or patients with disabilities.Orthoptists	2.6%	L1	L1L1	18%	52 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Diagnose health conditions, based on patients' symptoms and health histories, laboratory and diagnostic radiology test results, or other physiological measurements, such as electrocardiograms and electroencephalographs.Naturopathic Physicians	2.4%	L2	L2L2	62%	45 min	Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Conduct physical examinations and physiological function tests for diagnostic purposes.Naturopathic Physicians	2.3%	L0	L0L1	12%	45 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems

Show the other 39 tasks

Task statement (O*NET occupation)			Sonnet · Haiku			Barriers
Maintain and follow standard quality, safety, environmental, and infection control policies and procedures.Acupuncturists	2.3%	L1	L1L2	30%	1.0 h	Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems
Treat patients using tools, such as needles, cups, ear balls, seeds, pellets, or nutritional supplements.Acupuncturists	2.3%	L0	L0L1	6%	45 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Identify correct anatomical and proportional point locations based on patients' anatomy and positions, contraindications, and precautions related to treatments, such as intradermal needles, moxibustion, electricity, guasha, or bleeding.Acupuncturists	2.3%	L1	L1L2	32%	15 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Insert needles to provide acupuncture treatment.Acupuncturists	2.3%	L0	L0L0	2%	25 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Adhere to local, state, and federal laws, regulations, and statutes.Acupuncturists	2.2%	L2	L2L2	40%	1.5 h	Accountability, Access to systems
Develop individual treatment plans and strategies.Acupuncturists	2.2%	L2	L2L2	52%	42 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Administer treatments or therapies, such as homeopathy, hydrotherapy, Oriental or Ayurvedic medicine, electrotherapy, and diathermy, using physical agents including air, heat, cold, water, sound, or ultraviolet light to catalyze the body to heal itself.Naturopathic Physicians	2.1%	L0	L0L1	8%	45 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care
Maintain detailed and complete records of health care plans and prognoses.Acupuncturists	2.1%	L2	L2L2	65%	20 min	Accountability, Access to systems
Evaluate treatment outcomes and recommend new or altered treatments as necessary to further promote, restore, or maintain health.Acupuncturists	2.0%	L1	L1L2	35%	25 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Collect medical histories and general health and lifestyle information from patients.Acupuncturists	2.0%	L2	L2L2	55%	25 min	Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Assess patients' general physical appearance to make diagnoses.Acupuncturists	1.9%	L0	L1L0	10%	12 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Educate patients on topics, such as meditation, ergonomics, stretching, exercise, nutrition, the healing process, breathing, or relaxation techniques.Acupuncturists	1.9%	L2	L2L2	45%	18 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care
Analyze physical findings and medical histories to make diagnoses according to Oriental medicine traditions.Acupuncturists	1.9%	L1	L1L2	35%	42 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care
Provide training related to clinical methods or orthoptics to students, resident physicians, or other health professionals.Orthoptists	1.7%	L1	L1L2	42%	1.8 h	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care
Collaborate with ophthalmologists, optometrists, or other specialists in the diagnosis, treatment, or management of conditions such as glaucoma, cataracts, and retinal diseases.Orthoptists	1.7%	L1	L1L2	30%	30 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Refer patients to ophthalmic surgeons or other physicians.Orthoptists	1.7%	L2	L2L2	52%	22 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Consider Western medical procedures in health assessment, health care team communication, and care referrals.Acupuncturists	1.7%	L1	L1L2	40%	30 min	Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Prepare diagnostic or treatment reports for other medical practitioners or therapists.Orthoptists	1.7%	L2	L2L2	62%	38 min	Accountability, Access to systems
Consult with other health professionals to provide optimal patient care, referring patients to traditional health care professionals as necessary.Naturopathic Physicians	1.5%	L2	L2L2	48%	30 min	Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Apply heat or cold therapy to patients using materials, such as heat pads, hydrocollator packs, warm compresses, cold compresses, heat lamps, or vapor coolants.Acupuncturists	1.5%	L0	L0L0	4%	15 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care
Obtain medical records from previous physicians or other health care providers for the purpose of patient evaluation.Naturopathic Physicians	1.5%	L2	L2L2	68%	45 min	Accountability, Access to systems
Order diagnostic imaging procedures such as radiographs (x-rays), ultrasounds, mammograms, and bone densitometry tests, or refer patients to other health professionals for these procedures.Naturopathic Physicians	1.4%	L2	L2L2	58%	11 min	Accountability, Access to systems
Treat medical conditions, using techniques such as acupressure, shiatsu, or tuina.Acupuncturists	1.4%	L0	L0L1	9%	52 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care
Assist ophthalmologists in diagnostic ophthalmic procedures, such as ultrasonography, fundus photography, and tonometry.Orthoptists	1.3%	L0	L0L1	10%	25 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Conduct periodic public health maintenance activities such as immunizations and screenings for diseases and disease risk factors.Naturopathic Physicians	1.3%	L1	L1L2	25%	30 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Dispense herbal formulas and inform patients of dosages and frequencies, treatment duration, possible side effects, and drug interactions.Acupuncturists	1.2%	L2	L2L2	42%	15 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Formulate herbal preparations to treat conditions considering herbal properties, such as taste, toxicity, effects of preparation, contraindications, and incompatibilities.Acupuncturists	1.2%	L2	L2L2	65%	38 min	Physical presence, Accountability
Maintain professional development through activities such as postgraduate education, continuing education, preceptorships, and residency programs.Naturopathic Physicians	1.1%	L1	L1L2	32%	5.5 h	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Prescribe synthetic drugs under the supervision of medical doctors or within the allowances of regulatory bodies.Naturopathic Physicians	1.1%	L1	L1L2	38%	22 min	Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Perform mobilizations and high-velocity adjustments to joints or soft tissues, using principles of massage, stretching, or resistance.Naturopathic Physicians	1.1%	L0	L0L0	2%	30 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care
Apply moxibustion directly or indirectly to patients using Chinese, non-scarring, stick, or pole moxa.Acupuncturists	1.0%	L0	L0L0	3%	18 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care
Perform venipuncture or skin pricking to collect blood samples.Naturopathic Physicians	1.0%	L0	L0L0	4%	12 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care
Monitor updates from public health agencies to keep abreast of health trends.Naturopathic Physicians	1.0%	L3	L3L3	88%	45 min	–
Participate in clinical research projects.Orthoptists	0.8%	L2	L2L2	40%	5.5 h	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Perform minor surgical procedures, such as removing warts, moles, or cysts, sampling tissues for skin cancer or lipomas, and applying or removing sutures.Naturopathic Physicians · supplemental task	0.8%	L0	L0L0	3%	30 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Treat minor cuts, abrasions, or contusions.Naturopathic Physicians	0.8%	L0	L0L1	10%	20 min	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Present or publish scientific papers.Orthoptists	0.5%	L2	L2L2	52%	7.0 h	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Report patterns of patients' health conditions, such as disease status and births, to public health agencies.Naturopathic Physicians	0.5%	L2	L2L2	62%	45 min	Accountability, Access to systems
Perform vision screening of children in schools or community health centers.Orthoptists	0.5%	L0	L0L1	18%	2.1 h	Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems

Level: consensus of the two models (the lower level when they disagree). Share: part of the task’s working time an agent could take over. Human time: minutes a competent person needs for one instance, as estimated by the models.

Against other measures

Exposure is not delegation

Measure	Value	Pct
ADI (this index)	47.8%	56
Eloundou et al. (2024), GPT exposure β	0.393	59
Felten et al. (2021), AI occupational exposure	0.711	68
Webb (2020), AI patent exposure	28	19
Eisfeldt et al. (2026), generative AI exposure	0.198	56
Anthropic Economic Index, observed use	0.017	46

Earlier indices measure whether AI can touch a task; ADI measures how much of it an agent can carry out from a goal. – : the source does not cover this occupation.

Same sub-major group (22)

Neighbouring occupations

Occupation	ADI	%
Dieticians and nutritionists 2265		87.0
Pharmacists 2262		77.6
Environmental and occupational health and hygiene professionals 2263		69.5
Generalist medical practitioners 2211		56.2
Specialist medical practitioners 2212		52.9
Audiologists and speech therapists 2266		47.0
Physiotherapists 2264		46.7
Health professionals not elsewhere classified 2269		46.0
Nursing professionals 2221		44.4
Paramedical practitioners 2240		35.6
Midwifery professionals 2222		33.7
Optometrists and ophthalmic opticians 2267		30.7

Dashed line: traditional and complementary medicine professionals (47.8%).

Cite this record

Text

Espinal Maya, Cristian, and Santiago Jiménez Londoño. 2026. ADI v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and MCP server. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918. Record: Traditional and complementary medicine professionals (ISCO-08 2230), https://balamlabs.org/adi/occupations/2230

BibTeX

@misc{espinal2026adidata,
  title     = {{ADI} v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and {MCP} server},
  author    = {Espinal Maya, Cristian and Jim{\'e}nez Londo{\~n}o, Santiago},
  year      = {2026},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  version   = {v2026.1},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
  note      = {Record: Traditional and complementary medicine professionals (ISCO-08 2230)}
}

Machine-readable

The same record as static JSON, with its citation: /adi/v2026.1/isco/2230.json.

Compare with another occupation How it is measured