ISCO-08 9333
Freight handlers
45.3%
ADI · 204th of 433 · 95% interval 33.5–58.5
An AI agent can at least partly carry out 45.3% of the task time of freight handlers, and finish 0.0% alone. The barrier that holds most of the rest back is access to the systems the work runs on.
ADI · partial or full45.3%
204th of 433 · interval 33.5–58.5
ADI3 · full delegation0.0%
201st of 433 · interval 0.0–0.0
ADIs · share of time35.1%
216th of 433 · interval 29.4–41.0
Evidence85
task statements rated by two models and weighted by importance and frequency. World employment: 23.6 million.
Task weight by level
How the tasks rate
L0No meaningful role · 27.6%L1Augmentation · 27.1%L2Partial delegation · 45.3%L3Full delegation · 0.0%
Barriers
What stops the agent
Share of task weight flagged by each barrier; a task can carry several.
85 task statements, heaviest first
| Task statement (O*NET occupation) | Sonnet · Haiku | Barriers | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calculate load weights for different aircraft compartments, using charts and computers.Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors · supplemental task | 5.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 70% | 30 min | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Direct ground crews in the loading, unloading, securing, or staging of aircraft cargo or baggage.Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors | 4.6% | L1 | L1L2 | 25% | 1.4 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Distribute cargo to maximize use of space.Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors | 4.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 58% | 52 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Determine the quantity and orientation of cargo, and compute an aircraft's center of gravity.Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors | 4.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 38 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Accompany aircraft as a member of the flight crew to monitor and handle cargo in flight.Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors · supplemental task | 2.7% | L0 | L0L1 | 6% | 5.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Train new employees in areas such as safety procedures or equipment operation.Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors | 2.4% | L1 | L1L1 | 30% | 4.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Seal outlet valves on tank cars, barges, and trucks.Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders | 1.5% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 10 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Verify tank car, barge, or truck load numbers to ensure car placement accuracy based on written or verbal instructions.Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders | 1.4% | L1 | L1L1 | 20% | 8 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Assign truck drivers or recycling technicians to routes.Recycling Coordinators · supplemental task | 1.4% | L2 | L2L2 | 70% | 1.0 h | Access to systems |
| Supervise recycling technicians, community service workers, or other recycling operations employees or volunteers.Recycling Coordinators | 1.4% | L1 | L1L2 | 28% | 2.5 h | Physical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Check conditions and weights of vessels to ensure cleanliness and compliance with loading procedures.Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders | 1.4% | L0 | L0L2 | 18% | 32 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Monitor product movement to and from storage tanks, coordinating activities with other workers to ensure constant product flow.Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders | 1.4% | L1 | L1L1 | 25% | 4.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Observe positions of cars passing loading spouts, and swing spouts into the correct positions at the appropriate times.Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders | 1.4% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 18 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Oversee recycling pick-up or drop-off programs to ensure compliance with community ordinances.Recycling Coordinators | 1.4% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 2.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Start pumps and adjust valves or cables to regulate the flow of products to vessels, using knowledge of loading procedures.Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders | 1.4% | L1 | L1L1 | 12% | 30 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
Show the other 70 tasks
| Task statement (O*NET occupation) | Sonnet · Haiku | Barriers | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maintain a safe working environment by monitoring safety procedures and equipment.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 1.4% | L1 | L1L2 | 22% | 52 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Copy and attach load specifications to loaded tanks.Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders · supplemental task | 1.3% | L1 | L1L2 | 25% | 10 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Maintain logs of recycling materials received or shipped to processing companies.Recycling Coordinators | 1.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 70% | 38 min | Access to systems |
| Collaborate with workers and managers to solve work-related problems.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 1.3% | L1 | L1L1 | 22% | 30 min | Physical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Record operating data such as products and quantities pumped, gauge readings, and operating times, manually or using computers.Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders | 1.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 12 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Review customer requests for service to determine service needs and deploy appropriate resources to provide service.Recycling Coordinators | 1.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 18 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Review work throughout the work process and at completion to ensure that it has been performed properly.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 1.3% | L1 | L1L2 | 25% | 52 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Test vessels for leaks, damage, and defects, and repair or replace defective parts as necessary.Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders · supplemental task | 1.3% | L0 | L0L1 | 8% | 1.1 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Prepare bills of lading, statements of shipping records, or customer receipts related to recycling or hazardous material services.Recycling Coordinators · supplemental task | 1.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 70% | 30 min | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Remove and replace tank car dome caps, or direct other workers in their removal and replacement.Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders · supplemental task | 1.3% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 20 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Examine freight to determine loading sequences.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand · supplemental task | 1.2% | L1 | L1L2 | 38% | 25 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Transmit and explain work orders to laborers.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 1.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 40% | 20 min | Physical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Connect ground cables to carry off static electricity when unloading tanker cars.Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders · supplemental task | 1.2% | L0 | L0L0 | 2% | 8 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Operate industrial trucks, tractors, loaders, and other equipment to transport materials to and from transportation vehicles and loading docks, and to store and retrieve materials in warehouses.Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders | 1.2% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 2.3 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Test samples for specific gravity, using hydrometers, or send samples to laboratories for testing.Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders · supplemental task | 1.2% | L0 | L1L0 | 10% | 20 min | Physical presence |
| Operate fork lifts, skid loaders, or trucks to move or store recyclable materials.Recycling Coordinators · supplemental task | 1.2% | L0 | L0L0 | 2% | 1.2 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Operate recycling processing equipment, such as sorters, balers, crushers, and granulators to sort and process materials.Recycling Coordinators · supplemental task | 1.2% | L0 | L0L2 | 16% | 2.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Coordinate shipments of recycling materials with shipping brokers or processing companies.Recycling Coordinators · supplemental task | 1.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 1.3 h | Access to systems |
| Inform designated employees or departments of items loaded or problems encountered.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 1.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 12 min | Access to systems |
| Schedule movement of recycling materials into and out of storage areas.Recycling Coordinators · supplemental task | 1.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 45 min | Access to systems |
| Operate ship loading and unloading equipment, conveyors, hoists, and other specialized material handling equipment such as railroad tank car unloading equipment.Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders | 1.1% | L0 | L0L1 | 8% | 1.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Inspect physical condition of recycling or hazardous waste facility for compliance with safety, quality, and service standards.Recycling Coordinators · supplemental task | 1.1% | L1 | L1L1 | 22% | 2.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Plan work schedules and assign duties to maintain adequate staff for effective performance of activities and response to fluctuating workloads.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 1.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 1.0 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Create or manage recycling operations budgets.Recycling Coordinators · supplemental task | 1.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 4.0 h | Access to systems |
| Schedule times of shipment and modes of transportation for materials.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand · supplemental task | 1.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 45 min | Access to systems |
| Perform the same work duties as those supervised, or perform more difficult or skilled tasks or assist in their performance.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 1.1% | L0 | L0L1 | 5% | 3.0 h | Physical presence, Trust and care |
| Lower gauge rods into tanks or read meters to verify contents, temperatures, and volumes of liquid loads.Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders · supplemental task | 1.0% | L1 | L1L2 | 22% | 18 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Inspect equipment for wear and for conformance to specifications.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 1.0% | L1 | L1L1 | 20% | 30 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Coordinate recycling collection schedules to optimize service and efficiency.Recycling Coordinators · supplemental task | 1.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 3.0 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Estimate material, time, and staffing requirements for a given project, based on work orders, job specifications, and experience.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 1.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 1.8 h | Access to systems |
| Operate conveyors and equipment to transfer grain or other materials from transportation vehicles.Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders · supplemental task | 1.0% | L0 | L0L0 | 6% | 1.3 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Inventory supplies and requisition or purchase additional items, as necessary.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand · supplemental task | 1.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 52 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Check specifications of materials loaded or unloaded against information contained in work orders.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 1.0% | L1 | L1L2 | 30% | 15 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Prepare and maintain work records and reports of information such as employee time and wages, daily receipts, or inspection results.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 1.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 68% | 45 min | Access to systems |
| Clean interiors of tank cars or tank trucks, using mechanical spray nozzles.Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders · supplemental task | 0.9% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 1.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Oversee campaigns to promote recycling or waste reduction programs in communities or private companies.Recycling Coordinators · supplemental task | 0.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 22 h | Physical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Provide training to recycling technicians or community service workers on topics such as safety, solid waste processing, or general recycling operations.Recycling Coordinators | 0.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 42% | 3.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care |
| Quote prices to customers.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand · supplemental task | 0.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 58% | 45 min | Physical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Perform general warehouse activities, such as opening containers and crates, filling warehouse orders, assisting in taking inventory, and weighing and checking materials.Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders · supplemental task | 0.9% | L0 | L0L1 | 8% | 1.3 h | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Install protective devices, such as bracing, padding, or strapping, to prevent shifting or damage to items being transported.Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand · supplemental task | 0.9% | L0 | L0L1 | 9% | 18 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Unload cars containing liquids by connecting hoses to outlet plugs and pumping compressed air into cars to force liquids into storage tanks.Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders · supplemental task | 0.8% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 1.1 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Counsel employees in work-related activities, personal growth, or career development.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 0.8% | L1 | L1L2 | 32% | 38 min | Trust and care |
| Resolve personnel problems, complaints, or formal grievances when possible, or refer them to higher-level supervisors for resolution.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 0.8% | L1 | L1L2 | 30% | 52 min | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Maintain equipment storage areas to ensure that inventory is protected.Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand | 0.8% | L0 | L0L1 | 9% | 1.0 h | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Identify or investigate new opportunities for materials to be collected and recycled.Recycling Coordinators | 0.8% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 4.0 h | Access to systems |
| Assess training needs of staff and arrange for or provide appropriate instruction.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 0.8% | L2 | L2L2 | 45% | 2.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Provide assistance in balancing books, tracking, monitoring, or projecting a unit's budget needs, and in developing unit policies and procedures.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand · supplemental task | 0.8% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 2.5 h | Access to systems |
| Inspect job sites to determine the extent of maintenance or repairs needed.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand · supplemental task | 0.8% | L1 | L1L2 | 20% | 1.0 h | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Investigate violations of solid waste or recycling ordinances.Recycling Coordinators · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 40% | 3.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Record numbers of units handled or moved, using daily production sheets or work tickets.Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand · supplemental task | 0.7% | L1 | L1L2 | 42% | 18 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Make presentations to educate the public on how to recycle or on the environmental advantages of recycling.Recycling Coordinators · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 58% | 3.5 h | Physical presence, Trust and care |
| Move freight, stock, or other materials to and from storage or production areas, loading docks, delivery vehicles, ships, or containers, by hand or using trucks, tractors, or other equipment.Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand | 0.7% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 1.3 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Sort cargo before loading and unloading.Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand · supplemental task | 0.7% | L0 | L0L0 | 5% | 30 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Read work orders or receive oral instructions to determine work assignments or material or equipment needs.Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 52% | 10 min | Access to systems |
| Conduct staff meetings to relay general information or to address specific topics, such as safety.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 0.7% | L1 | L1L2 | 32% | 25 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care |
| Develop community or corporate recycling plans and goals to minimize waste and conform to resource constraints.Recycling Coordinators · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 9.0 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Implement grant-funded projects, monitoring and reporting progress in accordance with sponsoring agency requirements.Recycling Coordinators · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 7.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Recommend or initiate personnel actions, such as promotions, transfers, or disciplinary measures.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 0.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 45% | 1.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Attach identifying tags to containers or mark them with identifying information.Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand · supplemental task | 0.6% | L0 | L0L1 | 10% | 2 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Negotiate contracts with waste management or other firms.Recycling Coordinators · supplemental task | 0.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 48% | 6.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Prepare grant applications to fund recycling programs or program enhancements.Recycling Coordinators · supplemental task | 0.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 68% | 13 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Participate in the hiring process by reviewing credentials, conducting interviews, or making hiring decisions or recommendations.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 0.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 1.5 h | Accountability, Trust and care |
| Design community solid and hazardous waste management programs.Recycling Coordinators · supplemental task | 0.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 58% | 24 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Evaluate employee performance and prepare performance appraisals.First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 0.5% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 1.5 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Carry needed tools or supplies from storage or trucks and return them after use.Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand · supplemental task | 0.5% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 18 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Attach slings, hooks, or other devices to lift cargo and guide loads.Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand · supplemental task | 0.5% | L0 | L0L0 | 2% | 10 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Adjust controls to guide, position, or move equipment, such as cranes, booms, or cameras.Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand · supplemental task | 0.4% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 15 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Assemble product containers or crates, using hand tools and precut lumber.Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand · supplemental task | 0.4% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 25 min | Physical presence |
| Pack containers and re-pack damaged containers.Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand · supplemental task | 0.4% | L0 | L0L1 | 6% | 50 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Connect electrical equipment to power sources so that it can be tested before use.Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand · supplemental task | 0.3% | L0 | L0L1 | 4% | 12 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
Level: consensus of the two models (the lower level when they disagree). Share: part of the task’s working time an agent could take over. Human time: minutes a competent person needs for one instance, as estimated by the models.
Against other measures
Exposure is not delegation
| Measure | Value | Percentile | Pct |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADI (this index) | 45.3% | 53 | |
| Eloundou et al. (2024), GPT exposure β | 0.252 | 42 | |
| Felten et al. (2021), AI occupational exposure | -0.562 | 38 | |
| Webb (2020), AI patent exposure | 51.571 | 41 | |
| Eisfeldt et al. (2026), generative AI exposure | 0.177 | 51 | |
| Anthropic Economic Index, observed use | 0 | 16 |
Earlier indices measure whether AI can touch a task; ADI measures how much of it an agent can carry out from a goal. – : the source does not cover this occupation.
Same sub-major group (93)
Neighbouring occupations
| Occupation | ADI | % |
|---|---|---|
| Shelf fillers 9334 | 23.2 | |
| Manufacturing labourers not elsewhere classified 9329 | 18.4 | |
| Hand and pedal vehicle drivers 9331 | 15.2 | |
| Hand packers 9321 | 8.5 | |
| Drivers of animal-drawn vehicles and machinery 9332 | 5.6 | |
| Building construction labourers 9313 | 1.1 | |
| Mining and quarrying labourers 9311 | 0.0 | |
| Civil engineering labourers 9312 | 0.0 |
Dashed line: freight handlers (45.3%).
Cite this record
Text
Espinal Maya, Cristian, and Santiago Jiménez Londoño. 2026. ADI v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and MCP server. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918. Record: Freight handlers (ISCO-08 9333), https://balamlabs.org/adi/occupations/9333
BibTeX
@misc{espinal2026adidata,
title = {{ADI} v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and {MCP} server},
author = {Espinal Maya, Cristian and Jim{\'e}nez Londo{\~n}o, Santiago},
year = {2026},
publisher = {Zenodo},
version = {v2026.1},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
note = {Record: Freight handlers (ISCO-08 9333)}
}Machine-readable
The same record as static JSON, with its citation: /adi/v2026.1/isco/9333.json.