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ISCO-08 2654

Film, stage and related directors and producers

69.1%
ADI · 141st of 433 · 95% interval 60.2–78.1

An AI agent can at least partly carry out 69.1% of the task time of film, stage and related directors and producers, and finish 0.9% alone. The barrier that holds most of the rest back is access to the systems the work runs on.

ADI · partial or full69.1%

141st of 433 · interval 60.2–78.1

ADI3 · full delegation0.9%

170th of 433 · interval 0.0–2.8

ADIs · share of time48.3%

140th of 433 · interval 45.4–51.6

Evidence121

task statements rated by two models and weighted by importance and frequency. World employment: 1.6 million.

Task weight by level

How the tasks rate

31%
68%
L0No meaningful role · 0.0%L1Augmentation · 30.9%L2Partial delegation · 68.3%L3Full delegation · 0.9%
Barriers

What stops the agent

Physical presence21%
Accountability9%
Trust and care43%
Access to systems54%

Share of task weight flagged by each barrier; a task can carry several.

121 task statements, heaviest first
Task statement (O*NET occupation)WeightLevelSonnet · HaikuShareHuman timeBarriers
Direct technical aspects of newscasts and other productions, checking and switching between video sources and taking responsibility for the on-air product, including camera shots and graphics.Media Technical Directors/Managers · supplemental task1.6%L1L1L228%1.5 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Access to systems
Observe pictures through monitors and direct camera and video staff concerning shading and composition.Media Technical Directors/Managers1.6%L1L1L122%1.5 hPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Switch between video sources in a studio or on multi-camera remotes, using equipment such as switchers, video slide projectors, and video effects generators.Media Technical Directors/Managers1.5%L1L1L125%1.5 hPhysical presence, Access to systems
Manage own accounts and projects, working within budget and scheduling requirements.Art Directors1.5%L2L2L250%3.0 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Audition and interview performers to match their attributes to specific roles or to increase the pool of available acting talent.Talent Directors1.5%L1L1L240%1.3 hPhysical presence, Trust and care
Follow instructions from production managers and directors during productions, such as commands for camera cuts, effects, graphics, and takes.Media Technical Directors/Managers · supplemental task1.4%L1L1L232%2.0 hPhysical presence, Access to systems
Prepare actors for auditions by providing scripts and information about roles and casting requirements.Talent Directors1.4%L2L2L270%1.3 hAccess to systems
Work with creative directors to develop design solutions.Art Directors1.4%L2L2L250%3.5 hTrust and care
Serve as liaisons between directors, actors, and agents.Talent Directors1.4%L2L2L248%1.4 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Set up and execute video transitions and special effects, such as fades, dissolves, cuts, keys, and supers, using computers to manipulate pictures as necessary.Media Technical Directors/Managers · supplemental task1.4%L2L2L255%1.0 hAccess to systems
Select performers for roles or submit lists of suitable performers to producers or directors for final selection.Talent Directors1.4%L2L2L255%4.0 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Maintain talent files that include information such as performers' specialties, past performances, and availability.Talent Directors1.4%L2L2L370%52 minAccess to systems
Review performer information, such as photos, resumes, voice tapes, videos, and union membership, to decide whom to audition for parts.Talent Directors1.3%L2L2L262%1.8 hAccess to systems
Supervise and assign duties to workers engaged in technical control and production of radio and television programs.Media Technical Directors/Managers1.3%L1L1L232%1.5 hPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Contact agents and actors to provide notification of audition and performance opportunities and to set up audition times.Talent Directors1.3%L2L2L370%52 minTrust and care, Access to systems
Show the other 106 tasks
Task statement (O*NET occupation)WeightLevelSonnet · HaikuShareHuman timeBarriers
Monitor broadcasts to ensure that programs conform to station or network policies and regulations.Media Technical Directors/Managers1.3%L2L2L260%1.5 hAccountability, Access to systems
Confer with creative, art, copywriting, or production department heads to discuss client requirements and presentation concepts and to coordinate creative activities.Art Directors1.3%L1L1L232%1.3 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Create custom illustrations or other graphic elements.Art Directors1.2%L2L2L262%4.0 h–
Arrange for or design screen tests or auditions for prospective performers.Talent Directors1.2%L2L2L258%4.0 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Formulate basic layout design or presentation approach and specify material details, such as style and size of type, photographs, graphics, animation, video, and sound.Art Directors1.2%L2L2L265%2.5 h–
Present final layouts to clients for approval.Art Directors1.2%L2L2L242%1.5 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Review and approve art materials, copy materials, and proofs of printed copy developed by staff members.Art Directors1.2%L2L2L255%40 min–
Operate and maintain on-air and production audio equipment.Media Programming Directors1.1%L1L1L118%1.0 hPhysical presence, Access to systems
Negotiate contract agreements with performers, with agents, or between performers and agents or production companies.Talent Directors1.1%L2L2L248%3.5 hAccountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Mark up, paste, and complete layouts and write typography instructions to prepare materials for typesetting or printing.Art Directors · supplemental task1.1%L2L2L260%2.0 h–
Test equipment to ensure proper operation.Media Technical Directors/Managers1.1%L1L1L228%1.5 hPhysical presence, Access to systems
Review illustrative material to determine if it conforms to standards and specifications.Art Directors1.0%L2L2L265%45 min–
Monitor and review programming to ensure that schedules are met, guidelines are adhered to, and performances are of adequate quality.Media Programming Directors1.0%L2L2L255%3.0 hAccess to systems
Read news, read or record public service and promotional announcements, or perform other on-air duties.Media Programming Directors1.0%L2L2L250%1.0 hAccountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Operate equipment to produce programs or broadcast live programs from remote locations.Media Technical Directors/Managers1.0%L1L1L222%4.0 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Access to systems
Organize and string together raw footage into a continuous whole according to scripts or the instructions of directors and producers.Film and Video Editors1.0%L2L2L255%5.5 h–
Select and combine the most effective shots of each scene to form a logical and smoothly running story.Film and Video Editors1.0%L2L2L255%4.0 h–
Read scripts and confer with producers to determine the types and numbers of performers required for a given production.Talent Directors1.0%L2L2L262%4.0 hTrust and care
Edit films and videotapes to insert music, dialogue, and sound effects, to arrange films into sequences, and to correct errors, using editing equipment.Film and Video Editors1.0%L2L2L245%6.0 h–
Direct and coordinate activities of personnel engaged in broadcast news, sports, or programming.Media Programming Directors0.9%L1L1L232%3.0 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Prepare copy and edit tape so that material is ready for broadcasting.Media Programming Directors0.9%L2L2L260%2.0 hAccountability, Access to systems
Review footage sequence by sequence to become familiar with it before assembling it into a final product.Film and Video Editors0.9%L2L2L260%2.4 h–
Coordinate activities between departments, such as news and programming.Media Programming Directors0.9%L2L2L245%1.3 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Set up and operate computer editing systems, electronic titling systems, video switching equipment, and digital video effects units to produce a final product.Film and Video Editors0.9%L2L2L252%4.0 hPhysical presence, Access to systems
Confer with clients to determine objectives, budget, background information, and presentation approaches, styles, and techniques.Art Directors0.9%L1L1L238%1.3 hTrust and care
Act as liaisons between engineering and production departments.Media Technical Directors/Managers0.9%L2L2L242%1.0 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Hire, train, and direct staff members who develop design concepts into art layouts or who prepare layouts for printing.Art Directors0.9%L1L1L125%3.0 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Research current trends and new technology, such as printing production techniques, computer software, and design trends.Art Directors0.9%L3L3L380%3.5 h–
Mark frames where a particular shot or piece of sound is to begin or end.Film and Video Editors · supplemental task0.9%L2L2L265%16 minAccess to systems
Cut shot sequences to different angles at specific points in scenes, making each individual cut as fluid and seamless as possible.Film and Video Editors0.9%L2L2L245%1.3 h–
Review assembled films or edited videotapes on screens or monitors to determine if corrections are necessary.Film and Video Editors0.8%L2L2L258%1.4 h–
Collaborate with promotions directors to produce on-air station promotions.Media Technical Directors/Managers0.8%L2L2L250%4.0 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Attend or view productions to maintain knowledge of available actors.Talent Directors0.8%L1L1L235%2.8 hPhysical presence, Access to systems
Establish work schedules and assign work to staff members.Media Programming Directors0.8%L2L2L260%2.0 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Check completed program logs for accuracy and conformance with Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules and regulations and resolve program log inaccuracies.Media Programming Directors0.8%L2L2L268%1.5 hAccountability, Access to systems
Trim film segments to specified lengths and reassemble segments in sequences that present stories with maximum effect.Film and Video Editors0.8%L2L2L250%3.0 hAccess to systems
Conceptualize and help design interfaces for multimedia games, products, and devices.Art Directors · supplemental task0.8%L2L2L255%6.0 hAccess to systems
Verify key numbers and time codes on materials.Film and Video Editors0.8%L2L2L370%38 minAccess to systems
Hire and supervise workers who help locate people with specified attributes and talents.Talent Directors · supplemental task0.8%L2L2L242%5.5 hAccountability, Trust and care
Determine the specific audio and visual effects and music necessary to complete films.Film and Video Editors · supplemental task0.8%L2L2L250%4.0 h–
Plan details such as framing, composition, camera movement, sound, and actor movement for each shot or scene.Producers and Directors0.8%L2L2L258%2.4 h–
Research production topics using the internet, video archives, and other informational sources.Producers and Directors0.8%L2L2L272%3.5 hAccess to systems
Teach acting classes.Talent Directors · supplemental task0.8%L1L1L120%1.5 hPhysical presence, Trust and care
Manipulate plot, score, sound, and graphics to make the parts into a continuous whole, working closely with people in audio, visual, music, optical, or special effects departments.Film and Video Editors0.8%L2L2L240%6.0 hAccess to systems
Program computerized graphic effects.Film and Video Editors0.8%L2L2L260%2.5 hAccess to systems
Communicate to actors the approach, characterization, and movement needed for each scene in such a way that rehearsals and takes are minimized.Producers and Directors0.8%L1L1L228%1.4 hPhysical presence, Trust and care
Monitor network transmissions for advisories concerning daily program schedules, program content, special feeds, or program changes.Media Programming Directors0.8%L2L2L265%45 minAccess to systems
Plan and schedule programming and event coverage, based on broadcast length, time availability, and other factors, such as community needs, ratings data, and viewer demographics.Media Programming Directors0.8%L2L2L260%3.5 hAccess to systems
Cue announcers, actors, performers, and guests.Media Programming Directors · supplemental task0.7%L1L1L120%45 minPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Discuss filter options, lens choices, and the visual effects of objects being filmed with photography directors and video operators.Media Technical Directors/Managers · supplemental task0.7%L1L1L238%52 minPhysical presence, Trust and care
Prepare detailed storyboards showing sequence and timing of story development for television production.Art Directors · supplemental task0.7%L2L2L262%6.0 h–
Direct shows, productions, and plays.Talent Directors · supplemental task0.7%L1L1L221%30 hPhysical presence, Trust and care
Train workers in use of equipment, such as switchers, cameras, monitors, microphones, and lights.Media Technical Directors/Managers0.7%L1L1L230%2.0 hPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Act as a liaison between talent and directors, providing information that performers or guests need to prepare for appearances and communicating relevant information from guests, performers, or staff to directors.Media Programming Directors · supplemental task0.7%L2L2L262%52 minTrust and care, Access to systems
Locate performers or extras for crowd and background scenes, and stand-ins or photo doubles for actors, by direct contact or through agents.Talent Directors · supplemental task0.7%L2L2L258%3.5 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Develop ideas for programs and features that a station could produce.Media Programming Directors0.7%L2L2L372%3.5 h–
Study scripts to become familiar with production concepts and requirements.Film and Video Editors0.7%L2L2L378%1.5 h–
Confer with operations directors to formulate and maintain fair and attainable technical policies for programs.Media Technical Directors/Managers0.7%L1L1L232%3.0 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Develop promotions for current programs and specials.Media Programming Directors0.7%L2L2L262%4.0 hAccess to systems
Negotiate with printers and estimators to determine what services will be performed.Art Directors · supplemental task0.7%L2L2L255%1.3 hTrust and care
Review film, recordings, or rehearsals to ensure conformance to production and broadcast standards.Producers and Directors0.7%L2L2L255%2.0 hAccountability, Access to systems
Conduct interviews for broadcasts.Media Programming Directors0.7%L1L1L238%1.8 hTrust and care
Piece sounds together to develop film soundtracks.Film and Video Editors · supplemental task0.7%L2L2L250%5.0 h–
Schedule use of studio and editing facilities for producers and engineering and maintenance staff.Media Technical Directors/Managers0.7%L2L3L278%32 minAccess to systems
Confer with directors and production staff to discuss issues, such as production and casting problems, budgets, policies, and news coverage.Media Programming Directors0.7%L1L1L122%1.0 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Confer with producers and directors concerning layout or editing approaches needed to increase dramatic or entertainment value of productions.Film and Video Editors · supplemental task0.6%L1L1L128%1.0 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Perform management activities, such as budgeting, scheduling, planning, and marketing.Producers and Directors0.6%L2L2L255%4.5 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Attend photo shoots and printing sessions to ensure that the products needed are obtained.Art Directors0.6%L1L1L120%5.0 hPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Direct live broadcasts, films and recordings, or non-broadcast programming for public entertainment or education.Producers and Directors0.6%L1L1L225%9.0 hPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Select, acquire, and maintain programs, music, films, and other needed materials and obtain legal clearances for their use as necessary.Media Programming Directors0.6%L2L2L258%4.0 hAccountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Study and research scripts to determine how they should be directed.Producers and Directors0.6%L2L2L262%3.0 h–
Establish pace of programs and sequences of scenes according to time requirements and cast and set accessibility.Producers and Directors0.6%L2L2L258%4.0 hAccess to systems
Write and edit news stories from information collected by reporters and other sources.Producers and Directors · supplemental task0.6%L2L2L272%1.8 hAccountability
Cut and edit film or tape to integrate component parts into desired sequences.Producers and Directors · supplemental task0.6%L2L2L252%5.0 hAccess to systems
Discuss the sound requirements of pictures with sound effects editors.Film and Video Editors · supplemental task0.6%L2L2L245%45 minTrust and care
Compose and edit scripts or provide screenwriters with story outlines from which scripts can be written.Producers and Directors · supplemental task0.6%L2L2L268%7.0 h–
Hold auditions for parts or negotiate contracts with actors determined suitable for specific roles.Producers and Directors · supplemental task0.6%L1L1L230%5.5 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Hire principal cast members and crew members, such as art directors, cinematographers, and costume designers.Producers and Directors · supplemental task0.6%L2L2L240%9.0 hAccountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Select plays, scripts, books, news content, or ideas to be produced.Producers and Directors · supplemental task0.6%L2L2L255%3.0 hTrust and care
Identify and approve equipment and elements required for productions, such as scenery, lights, props, costumes, choreography, and music.Producers and Directors0.6%L2L2L248%3.5 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Supervise and coordinate the work of camera, lighting, design, and sound crew members.Producers and Directors0.6%L1L1L228%6.0 hPhysical presence, Trust and care
Supervise and coordinate activities of workers engaged in film editing, assembling, and recording activities.Film and Video Editors0.6%L1L1L235%2.0 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Review information about programs and schedules to ensure accuracy and provide such information to local media outlets.Media Programming Directors0.6%L2L2L268%1.5 hAccess to systems
Record needed sounds or obtain them from sound effects libraries.Film and Video Editors · supplemental task0.6%L2L2L250%1.0 hPhysical presence, Access to systems
Review film daily to check on work in progress and to plan for future filming.Producers and Directors · supplemental task0.6%L2L2L240%2.5 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Compile scripts, program notes, and other material related to productions.Producers and Directors0.6%L2L3L272%3.0 hAccess to systems
Conduct meetings with staff to discuss production progress and to ensure production objectives are attained.Producers and Directors0.6%L1L1L230%1.0 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Conduct film screenings for directors and members of production staffs.Film and Video Editors · supplemental task0.6%L1L1L122%2.0 hPhysical presence, Trust and care
Confer with technical directors, managers, crew members, and writers to discuss details of production, such as photography, script, music, sets, and costumes.Producers and Directors0.5%L1L1L128%1.3 hTrust and care
Develop post-production models for films.Film and Video Editors · supplemental task0.5%L2L2L245%8.0 hAccess to systems
Evaluate new and existing programming to assess suitability and the need for changes, using information such as audience surveys and feedback.Media Programming Directors0.5%L2L2L260%4.0 hAccess to systems
Consult with writers, producers, or actors about script changes or "workshop" scripts, through rehearsal with writers and actors to create final drafts.Producers and Directors0.5%L1L1L230%3.0 hPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Perform personnel duties, such as hiring staff and evaluating work performance.Media Programming Directors0.5%L1L1L238%3.0 hAccountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Collaborate with music editors to select appropriate passages of music and develop production scores.Film and Video Editors · supplemental task0.5%L2L2L242%3.3 hTrust and care
Negotiate with parties, including independent producers and the distributors and broadcasters who will be handling completed productions.Producers and Directors · supplemental task0.5%L1L1L232%4.0 hAccountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Choose settings and locations for films and determine how scenes will be shot in these settings.Producers and Directors · supplemental task0.5%L2L2L240%8.0 hPhysical presence, Trust and care
Resolve personnel problems that arise during the production process by acting as liaisons between dissenting parties when necessary.Producers and Directors0.5%L1L1L230%1.5 hTrust and care
Write and submit proposals to bid on contracts for projects.Producers and Directors · supplemental task0.5%L2L2L265%9.0 hAccountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Coordinate the activities of writers, directors, managers, and other personnel throughout the production process.Producers and Directors0.4%L2L2L240%5.0 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Perform administrative duties, such as preparing operational reports, distributing rehearsal call sheets and script copies, and arranging for rehearsal quarters.Producers and Directors · supplemental task0.4%L2L2L268%2.0 hAccess to systems
Develop budgets for programming and broadcasting activities and monitor expenditures to ensure that they remain within budgetary limits.Media Programming Directors · supplemental task0.4%L2L2L260%7.0 hAccess to systems
Direct setup of remote facilities and install or cancel programs at remote stations.Media Programming Directors0.4%L2L2L242%2.8 hPhysical presence, Access to systems
Obtain rights to scripts or to such items as existing video footage.Producers and Directors0.3%L2L2L248%4.5 hAccountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Develop marketing plans for finished products, collaborating with sales associates to supervise product distribution.Producers and Directors · supplemental task0.3%L2L2L258%8.0 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Participate in the planning and execution of fundraising activities.Media Programming Directors · supplemental task0.3%L2L2L248%3.5 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Arrange financing for productions.Producers and Directors · supplemental task0.3%L1L1L240%30 hAccountability, Trust and care, Access to systems

Level: consensus of the two models (the lower level when they disagree). Share: part of the task’s working time an agent could take over. Human time: minutes a competent person needs for one instance, as estimated by the models.

Against other measures

Exposure is not delegation

MeasureValuePercentile
ADI (this index)69.1%68
Eloundou et al. (2024), GPT exposure β0.48475
Felten et al. (2021), AI occupational exposure0.96175
Webb (2020), AI patent exposure50.66740
Eisfeldt et al. (2026), generative AI exposure0.23460
Anthropic Economic Index, observed use0.13477

Earlier indices measure whether AI can touch a task; ADI measures how much of it an agent can carry out from a goal. – : the source does not cover this occupation.

Same sub-major group (26)

Neighbouring occupations

Dashed line: film, stage and related directors and producers (69.1%).

Cite this record
Text

Espinal Maya, Cristian, and Santiago Jiménez Londoño. 2026. ADI v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and MCP server. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918. Record: Film, stage and related directors and producers (ISCO-08 2654), https://balamlabs.org/adi/occupations/2654

BibTeX
@misc{espinal2026adidata,
  title     = {{ADI} v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and {MCP} server},
  author    = {Espinal Maya, Cristian and Jim{\'e}nez Londo{\~n}o, Santiago},
  year      = {2026},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  version   = {v2026.1},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
  note      = {Record: Film, stage and related directors and producers (ISCO-08 2654)}
}
Machine-readable

The same record as static JSON, with its citation: /adi/v2026.1/isco/2654.json.