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ISCO-08 5113

Travel guides

43.6%
ADI · 209th of 433 · 95% interval 30.4–58.3

An AI agent can at least partly carry out 43.6% of the task time of travel guides, and finish 3.3% alone. Most of the rest requires physical presence.

ADI · partial or full43.6%

209th of 433 · interval 30.4–58.3

ADI3 · full delegation3.3%

98th of 433 · interval 0.0–9.6

ADIs · share of time39.2%

190th of 433 · interval 32.4–46.3

Evidence112

task statements rated by two models and weighted by importance and frequency. World employment: 0.7 million.

Task weight by level

How the tasks rate

20%
36%
40%
L0No meaningful role · 20.4%L1Augmentation · 35.8%L2Partial delegation · 40.3%L3Full delegation · 3.3%
Barriers

What stops the agent

Physical presence71%
Accountability31%
Trust and care65%
Access to systems39%

Share of task weight flagged by each barrier; a task can carry several.

112 task statements, heaviest first
Task statement (O*NET occupation)Sonnet · HaikuBarriers
Pilot airplanes or drive land and water vehicles to transport tourists to activity or tour sites.Travel Guides · supplemental task3.6%L0L0L01%2.0 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Access to systems
Describe tour points of interest to group members, and respond to questions.Tour Guides and Escorts3.4%L1L1L235%1.0 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care
Explain hunting and fishing laws to groups to ensure compliance.Travel Guides · supplemental task3.2%L1L1L238%35 minPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care
Monitor visitors' activities to ensure compliance with establishment or tour regulations and safety practices.Tour Guides and Escorts3.2%L0L0L115%2.0 hPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Sell or rent equipment, clothing, and supplies related to expeditions.Travel Guides · supplemental task3.1%L1L1L240%28 minPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Escort individuals or groups on cruises, sightseeing tours, or through places of interest, such as industrial establishments, public buildings, or art galleries.Tour Guides and Escorts3.1%L0L0L115%2.5 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Lead individuals or groups to tour site locations and describe points of interest.Travel Guides · supplemental task3.1%L1L1L222%2.0 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Arrange for tour or expedition details such as accommodations, transportation, equipment, and the availability of medical personnel.Travel Guides2.8%L2L2L262%4.0 hAccountability, Access to systems
Plan tour itineraries, applying knowledge of travel routes and destination sites.Travel Guides2.7%L3L3L380%3.0 h–
Provide information about wildlife varieties and habitats, as well as any relevant regulations, such as those pertaining to hunting and fishing.Tour Guides and Escorts · supplemental task2.6%L2L2L362%38 minPhysical presence, Trust and care
Assemble and check the required supplies and equipment prior to departure.Tour Guides and Escorts · supplemental task2.6%L1L1L228%45 minPhysical presence, Access to systems
Provide directions and other pertinent information to visitors.Tour Guides and Escorts2.6%L1L1L242%15 minPhysical presence, Trust and care
Verify amounts and quality of equipment prior to expeditions or tours.Travel Guides · supplemental task2.6%L1L1L228%1.3 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Access to systems
Give advice on sightseeing and shopping.Travel Guides2.5%L2L2L372%30 minPhysical presence, Trust and care
Resolve any problems with itineraries, service, or accommodations.Travel Guides2.5%L2L2L248%1.0 hPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Show the other 97 tasks
Task statement (O*NET occupation)Sonnet · HaikuBarriers
Drive motor vehicles to transport visitors to establishments and tour site locations.Tour Guides and Escorts · supplemental task2.5%L0L0L04%1.4 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Sell travel packages.Travel Guides2.5%L2L2L262%1.5 hAccountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Greet and register visitors, and issue any required identification badges or safety devices.Tour Guides and Escorts · supplemental task2.4%L1L1L232%6 minPhysical presence, Trust and care
Instruct novices in climbing techniques, mountaineering, and wilderness survival, and demonstrate use of hunting, fishing, and climbing equipment.Travel Guides · supplemental task2.4%L0L0L112%4.0 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care
Research various topics, including site history, environmental conditions, and clients' skills and abilities to plan appropriate expeditions, instruction, and commentary.Tour Guides and Escorts2.4%L2L2L265%3.0 hAccountability, Trust and care
Pay bills and record checks issued.Travel Guides · supplemental task2.4%L2L2L270%1.1 hAccountability, Access to systems
Set up camps, and prepare meals for tour group members.Travel Guides · supplemental task2.3%L0L0L110%2.5 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care
Attend to special needs of tour participants.Travel Guides2.3%L1L1L225%45 minPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Collect fees and tickets from group members.Tour Guides and Escorts · supplemental task2.3%L2L2L252%30 minPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Provide for physical safety of groups, performing such activities as providing first aid or directing emergency evacuations.Tour Guides and Escorts · supplemental task2.2%L0L0L18%45 minPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care
Select travel routes and sites to be visited based on knowledge of specific areas.Tour Guides and Escorts2.0%L2L2L268%2.0 h–
Perform clerical duties, such as filing, typing, operating switchboards, or routing mail and messages.Tour Guides and Escorts · supplemental task2.0%L2L2L370%38 minPhysical presence, Access to systems
Evaluate services received on the tour, and report findings to tour organizers.Travel Guides1.9%L2L2L248%1.3 hPhysical presence
Distribute brochures, show audiovisual presentations, and explain establishment processes and operations at tour sites.Tour Guides and Escorts · supplemental task1.9%L1L1L221%38 minPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Conduct educational activities for school children.Tour Guides and Escorts1.8%L1L1L228%1.5 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Teach skills, such as proper climbing methods, and demonstrate and advise on the use of equipment.Tour Guides and Escorts · supplemental task1.8%L1L1L118%1.0 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care
Solicit tour patronage and sell souvenirs.Tour Guides and Escorts · supplemental task1.7%L2L2L238%1.0 hPhysical presence, Trust and care
Provide tourists with assistance in obtaining permits and documents such as visas, passports, and health certificates, and in converting currency.Travel Guides · supplemental task1.6%L2L2L252%52 minPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Train other guides and volunteers.Tour Guides and Escorts · supplemental task1.2%L2L2L248%3.5 hPhysical presence, Trust and care
Administer first aid to injured group participants.Travel Guides1.1%L0L0L110%30 minPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care
Speak foreign languages to communicate with foreign visitors.Tour Guides and Escorts · supplemental task0.8%L2L2L252%1.5 hPhysical presence, Trust and care
Assign work schedules, following work requirements, to ensure quality and timely delivery of service.First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers0.4%L2L2L265%1.3 hAccess to systems
Schedule guest appointments.Spa Managers0.3%L3L3L385%10 minAccess to systems
Meet with managers or other supervisors to stay informed of changes affecting operations.First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers0.3%L1L1L125%52 minTrust and care, Access to systems
Respond to customer inquiries or complaints.Spa Managers0.3%L2L2L265%18 minTrust and care, Access to systems
Direct or coordinate the activities of workers, such as hotel staff or hair stylists.First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers0.3%L1L1L232%2.5 hPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Coordinate facility schedules to maximize usage and efficiency.Spa Managers0.3%L2L2L262%1.8 hAccess to systems
Maintain client databases.Spa Managers0.3%L3L3L385%52 minAccess to systems
Inspect work areas or operating equipment to ensure conformance to established standards in areas such as cleanliness or maintenance.First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers0.3%L1L1L118%32 minPhysical presence, Access to systems
Arrange worker breaks to ensure services are adequately staffed throughout each shift.First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers0.3%L2L2L268%35 minTrust and care, Access to systems
Observe and evaluate workers' appearance and performance to ensure quality service and compliance with specifications.First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers0.3%L1L1L225%52 minPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Sell products, services, or memberships.Spa Managers0.3%L2L2L245%38 minPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Investigate employee complaints and resolve problems following management rules and regulations.First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers0.3%L2L2L240%1.8 hAccountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Train workers in proper operational procedures and functions and explain company policies.First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers0.3%L2L2L240%1.5 hPhysical presence, Trust and care
Perform accounting duties, such as recording daily cash flow, preparing bank deposits, or generating financial statements.Spa Managers0.3%L2L2L262%1.3 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Access to systems
Plan or direct spa services and programs.Spa Managers0.3%L2L2L248%3.5 hPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Resolve customer complaints regarding worker performance or services rendered.First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers0.2%L2L2L250%38 minTrust and care
Inform workers about interests or special needs of specific groups.First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers0.2%L2L2L258%30 minTrust and care
Requisition necessary supplies, equipment, or services.First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers0.2%L2L2L262%45 minAccess to systems
Plan, direct, or supervise recreational and entertainment activities led by staff, such as sports, aquatics, games, or performing arts.First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services · supplemental task0.2%L1L1L232%2.5 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Inspect work areas or operating equipment to ensure conformance to established standards in areas such as cleanliness or maintenance.First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services · supplemental task0.2%L1L1L118%38 minPhysical presence, Access to systems
Assign work schedules, following work requirements, to ensure quality and timely delivery of service.First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services · supplemental task0.2%L2L2L265%1.5 hAccess to systems
Collaborate with staff members to plan or develop programs of events or schedules of activities.First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services · supplemental task0.2%L2L2L258%2.0 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Direct or coordinate the activities of entertainment and recreation related workers.First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services · supplemental task0.2%L1L1L235%1.4 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Furnish customers with information on events or activities.First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services · supplemental task0.2%L2L2L375%10 minAccess to systems
Inform workers about interests or special needs of specific groups.First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services · supplemental task0.2%L2L2L260%38 minTrust and care, Access to systems
Observe and evaluate workers' appearance and performance to ensure quality service and compliance with specifications.First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services · supplemental task0.2%L1L1L225%1.5 hPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Meet with managers or other supervisors to stay informed of changes affecting workers or operations.First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services · supplemental task0.2%L1L1L232%45 minTrust and care, Access to systems
Analyze and record personnel or operational data and write related activity reports.First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services · supplemental task0.2%L2L2L270%1.3 hAccess to systems
Participate in continuing education to stay abreast of industry trends and developments.First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services · supplemental task0.2%L1L1L245%3.0 h–
Provide staff with assistance in performing difficult or complicated duties.First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services · supplemental task0.2%L1L1L230%30 minPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Recruit and hire staff members.First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services · supplemental task0.2%L2L2L255%7.0 hAccountability, Trust and care
Apply customer feedback to service improvement efforts.First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services · supplemental task0.2%L2L2L255%1.8 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Requisition supplies and equipment necessary for workers to facilitate recreational or entertainment activities, such as safety harnesses, flash lights, or first aid kits.First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services · supplemental task0.2%L2L2L262%1.1 hPhysical presence, Access to systems
Resolve customer complaints regarding worker performance or services rendered.First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services · supplemental task0.2%L2L2L252%38 minTrust and care, Access to systems
Serve as a point of contact between managerial staff and leaders of recreational or entertainment activities.First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services · supplemental task0.2%L2L2L250%45 minTrust and care
Take disciplinary action to address performance problems.First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services · supplemental task0.2%L2L2L240%1.5 hAccountability, Trust and care
Train workers in proper operational procedures and functions and explain company policies.First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services · supplemental task0.2%L1L1L240%1.5 hPhysical presence, Trust and care
Inform management about problems, such as employee disputes.First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers0.2%L2L2L252%30 minTrust and care, Access to systems
Monitor operations to ensure compliance with applicable health, safety, or hygiene standards.Spa Managers0.2%L1L1L230%1.3 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Take disciplinary action to address performance problems.First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers0.2%L2L2L240%1.5 hAccountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Recruit and hire staff members.First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers0.2%L2L2L258%6.5 hAccountability, Trust and care
Apply customer feedback to service improvement efforts.First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers0.2%L2L2L252%1.3 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Schedule staff or supervise scheduling.Spa Managers0.2%L2L2L272%1.8 hAccess to systems
Inform staff of job responsibilities, performance expectations, client service standards, or corporate policies and guidelines.Spa Managers0.2%L2L2L258%1.3 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Inventory products and order new supplies.Spa Managers0.2%L2L2L255%1.5 hPhysical presence, Access to systems
Participate in continuing education to stay abreast of industry trends and developments.First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers0.2%L1L1L240%3.5 hAccountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Direct facility maintenance or repair.Spa Managers0.2%L2L2L240%1.8 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Access to systems
Assess employee performance and suggest ways to improve work.Spa Managers0.2%L2L2L252%1.5 hTrust and care
Develop or implement marketing strategies.Spa Managers0.2%L2L2L260%6.0 hAccess to systems
Check spa equipment to ensure proper functioning.Spa Managers0.2%L1L1L222%45 minPhysical presence, Accountability, Access to systems
Train staff in the use or sale of products, programs, or activities.Spa Managers0.1%L1L1L235%2.3 hPhysical presence, Trust and care
Develop staff service or retail goals and guide staff in goal achievement.Spa Managers0.1%L2L2L248%2.5 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Establish spa budgets and financial goals.Spa Managers0.1%L2L2L260%6.0 hAccess to systems
Recruit, interview, or hire employees.Spa Managers0.1%L2L2L258%4.5 hPhysical presence, Trust and care
Direct marketing, advertising, or other customer recruitment efforts.First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers · supplemental task0.1%L2L2L262%3.5 hAccess to systems
Inspect materials, stock, vehicles, equipment, or facilities to ensure that they are safe, free of defects, and consistent with specifications.First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants · supplemental task0.1%L1L1L120%45 minPhysical presence, Accountability, Access to systems
Take disciplinary action to address performance problems.First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants · supplemental task0.1%L1L1L238%1.5 hAccountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Resolve customer complaints regarding worker performance or services rendered.First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants · supplemental task0.1%L2L2L252%35 minAccountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Requisition necessary supplies, equipment, or services.First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants · supplemental task0.1%L2L2L262%38 minAccess to systems
Recruit and hire staff members.First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants · supplemental task0.1%L2L2L258%6.0 hAccountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Recommend and implement measures to improve worker motivation, work methods, or customer services.First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants · supplemental task0.1%L1L1L242%3.5 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Participate in continuing education to stay abreast of industry trends and developments.First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants · supplemental task0.1%L1L1L250%1.8 h–
Observe and evaluate workers' appearance and performance to ensure quality service and compliance with specifications.First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants · supplemental task0.1%L1L1L122%1.0 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Meet with managers or other supervisors to stay informed of changes affecting operations.First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants · supplemental task0.1%L1L1L228%52 minPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Inspect work areas or operating equipment to ensure conformance to established standards in areas such as cleanliness or maintenance.First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants · supplemental task0.1%L1L1L115%35 minPhysical presence, Accountability, Access to systems
Explain and demonstrate work tasks to new workers or assign training tasks to experienced workers.First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants · supplemental task0.1%L1L1L232%1.0 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care
Inform workers about interests or special needs of specific groups.First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants · supplemental task0.1%L2L2L260%30 minTrust and care, Access to systems
Enforce safety rules and regulations.First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants · supplemental task0.1%L1L1L230%1.0 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Direct or coordinate the activities of workers, such as flight or car attendants.First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants · supplemental task0.1%L1L1L230%4.5 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems
Confer with customers, supervisors, contractors, or other personnel to exchange information or to resolve problems.First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants · supplemental task0.1%L2L2L242%25 minPhysical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems
Compute or estimate cash, payroll, transportation, or personnel requirements.First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants · supplemental task0.1%L2L2L268%1.0 hAccess to systems
Apply customer feedback to service improvement efforts.First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants · supplemental task0.1%L2L2L258%2.0 hTrust and care, Access to systems
Analyze and record personnel or operational data and write related activity reports.First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants · supplemental task0.1%L2L2L270%1.5 hAccess to systems
Train workers in proper operational procedures and functions and explain company policies.First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants · supplemental task0.1%L1L1L242%1.5 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Trust and care
Verify staff credentials, such as educational and certification requirements.Spa Managers0.1%L2L2L265%45 minAccountability, Access to systems
Participate in continuing education classes to maintain current knowledge of industry.Spa Managers0.1%L1L1L232%3.5 hPhysical presence, Accountability, Access to systems

Level: consensus of the two models (the lower level when they disagree). Share: part of the task’s working time an agent could take over. Human time: minutes a competent person needs for one instance, as estimated by the models.

Against other measures

Exposure is not delegation

MeasureValuePercentilePct
ADI (this index)43.6%52
Eloundou et al. (2024), GPT exposure β0.30749
Felten et al. (2021), AI occupational exposure0.47164
Webb (2020), AI patent exposure2113
Eisfeldt et al. (2026), generative AI exposure0.15247
Anthropic Economic Index, observed use0.0665

Earlier indices measure whether AI can touch a task; ADI measures how much of it an agent can carry out from a goal. – : the source does not cover this occupation.

Same sub-major group (51)

Neighbouring occupations

Dashed line: travel guides (43.6%).

Cite this record
Text

Espinal Maya, Cristian, and Santiago Jiménez Londoño. 2026. ADI v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and MCP server. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918. Record: Travel guides (ISCO-08 5113), https://balamlabs.org/adi/occupations/5113

BibTeX
@misc{espinal2026adidata,
  title     = {{ADI} v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and {MCP} server},
  author    = {Espinal Maya, Cristian and Jim{\'e}nez Londo{\~n}o, Santiago},
  year      = {2026},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  version   = {v2026.1},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
  note      = {Record: Travel guides (ISCO-08 5113)}
}
Machine-readable

The same record as static JSON, with its citation: /adi/v2026.1/isco/5113.json.