ISCO-08 2165
Cartographers and surveyors
83.7%
ADI · 98th of 433 · 95% interval 73.2–92.4
An AI agent can at least partly carry out 83.7% of the task time of cartographers and surveyors, and finish 0.0% alone. The barrier that holds most of the rest back is access to the systems the work runs on.
ADI · partial or full83.7%
98th of 433 · interval 73.2–92.4
ADI3 · full delegation0.0%
201st of 433 · interval 0.0–0.0
ADIs · share of time56.8%
75th of 433 · interval 53.3–60.1
Evidence54
task statements rated by two models and weighted by importance and frequency. World employment: 0.7 million.
Task weight by level
How the tasks rate
L0No meaningful role · 0.7%L1Augmentation · 15.7%L2Partial delegation · 83.7%L3Full delegation · 0.0%
Barriers
What stops the agent
Share of task weight flagged by each barrier; a task can carry several.
54 task statements, heaviest first
| Task statement (O*NET occupation) | Sonnet · Haiku | Barriers | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Compile data required for map preparation, including aerial photographs, survey notes, records, reports, and original maps.Cartographers and Photogrammetrists | 3.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 4.0 h | Access to systems |
| Delineate aerial photographic detail, such as control points, hydrography, topography, and cultural features, using precision stereoplotting apparatus or drafting instruments.Cartographers and Photogrammetrists | 3.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 52% | 3.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Prepare and alter trace maps, charts, tables, detailed drawings, and three-dimensional optical models of terrain using stereoscopic plotting and computer graphics equipment.Cartographers and Photogrammetrists | 3.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 58% | 4.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Calculate the exact horizontal and vertical position of points on the Earth's surface.Geodetic Surveyors | 2.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 70% | 2.5 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Maintain databases of geodetic and related information, including coordinate, descriptive, or quality assurance data.Geodetic Surveyors | 2.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 68% | 1.5 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Identify, scale, and orient geodetic points, elevations, and other planimetric or topographic features, applying standard mathematical formulas.Cartographers and Photogrammetrists | 2.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 2.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Inspect final compositions to ensure completeness and accuracy.Cartographers and Photogrammetrists | 2.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 1.3 h | Accountability |
| Study legal records to establish boundaries of local, national, and international properties.Cartographers and Photogrammetrists | 2.5% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 3.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Revise existing maps and charts, making all necessary corrections and adjustments.Cartographers and Photogrammetrists | 2.5% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 3.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Collect information about specific features of the Earth, using aerial photography and other digital remote sensing techniques.Cartographers and Photogrammetrists | 2.5% | L2 | L2L2 | 58% | 4.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Verify the mathematical correctness of newly collected survey data.Geodetic Surveyors | 2.4% | L2 | L2L3 | 75% | 1.8 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Analyze control or survey data to ensure adherence to project specifications or land survey standards.Geodetic Surveyors | 2.4% | L2 | L2L3 | 72% | 2.5 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Plan or direct the work of geodetic surveying staff, providing technical consultation as needed.Geodetic Surveyors | 2.4% | L2 | L2L2 | 40% | 3.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Conduct surveys to determine exact positions, measurement of points, elevations, lines, areas, volumes, contours, or other features of land surfaces.Geodetic Surveyors | 2.4% | L1 | L1L2 | 32% | 6.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Examine and analyze data from ground surveys, reports, aerial photographs, and satellite images to prepare topographic maps, aerial-photograph mosaics, and related charts.Cartographers and Photogrammetrists | 2.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 6.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
Show the other 39 tasks
| Task statement (O*NET occupation) | Sonnet · Haiku | Barriers | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Determine map content and layout, as well as production specifications such as scale, size, projection, and colors, and direct production to ensure that specifications are followed.Cartographers and Photogrammetrists | 2.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 4.0 h | Access to systems |
| Direct or conduct surveys to establish legal boundaries for properties, based on legal deeds and titles.Surveyors | 2.2% | L1 | L1L2 | 35% | 14 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Prepare and maintain sketches, maps, reports, and legal descriptions of surveys to describe, certify, and assume liability for work performed.Surveyors | 2.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 3.5 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Assess the quality of control data to determine the need for additional survey data for engineering, construction, or other projects.Geodetic Surveyors | 2.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 3.5 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Distribute compiled geodetic data to government agencies or the general public.Geodetic Surveyors | 2.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 72% | 1.5 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Compute horizontal and vertical coordinates of control networks, using direct leveling or other geodetic survey techniques, such as triangulation, trilateration, and traversing, to establish features of the Earth's surface.Geodetic Surveyors | 2.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 4.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Compute geodetic measurements and interpret survey data to determine positions, shapes, and elevations of geomorphic and topographic features.Surveyors | 2.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 3.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Record the results of surveys, including the shape, contour, location, elevation, and dimensions of land or land features.Surveyors | 2.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 58% | 3.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Prepare, or supervise preparation of, all data, charts, plots, maps, records, and documents related to surveys.Surveyors | 2.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 4.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Verify the accuracy of survey data, including measurements and calculations conducted at survey sites.Surveyors | 1.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 2.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Search legal records, survey records, and land titles to obtain information about property boundaries in areas to be surveyed.Surveyors | 1.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 2.5 h | Access to systems |
| Read current literature, talk with colleagues, continue education, or participate in professional organizations or conferences to keep abreast of developments in technology, equipment, or systems.Geodetic Surveyors | 1.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 2.0 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Build and update digital databases.Cartographers and Photogrammetrists | 1.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 68% | 4.0 h | Access to systems |
| Calculate heights, depths, relative positions, property lines, and other characteristics of terrain.Surveyors | 1.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 3.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Prepare progress or technical reports.Geodetic Surveyors | 1.8% | L2 | L2L2 | 70% | 3.5 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Provide training and interpretation in the use of methods or procedures for observing and checking controls for geodetic and plane coordinates.Geodetic Surveyors | 1.8% | L2 | L2L2 | 58% | 3.0 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Determine guidelines that specify which source material is acceptable for use.Cartographers and Photogrammetrists · supplemental task | 1.8% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 4.0 h | – |
| Determine orientation of tracts of land, including position, boundaries, size, and shape, using theodolites, electronic distance-measuring equipment, satellite-based positioning equipment, land information systems, or other geodetic survey equipment.Geodetic Surveyors | 1.8% | L1 | L1L2 | 38% | 8.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Select aerial photographic and remote sensing techniques and plotting equipment needed to meet required standards of accuracy.Cartographers and Photogrammetrists · supplemental task | 1.8% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 2.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Review existing standards, controls, or equipment used, recommending changes or upgrades as needed.Geodetic Surveyors | 1.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 4.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Determine longitudes and latitudes of important features and boundaries in survey areas, using theodolites, transits, levels, and satellite-based global positioning systems (GPS).Surveyors | 1.7% | L1 | L1L2 | 30% | 2.8 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Establish fixed points for use in making maps, using geodetic and engineering instruments.Surveyors | 1.7% | L1 | L1L2 | 28% | 5.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Write descriptions of property boundary surveys for use in deeds, leases, or other legal documents.Surveyors | 1.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 70% | 2.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Request additional survey data when field collection errors occur or engineering surveying specifications are not maintained.Geodetic Surveyors | 1.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 1.1 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Train assistants and helpers, and direct their work in such activities as performing surveys or drafting maps.Surveyors | 1.6% | L1 | L1L2 | 32% | 2.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Analyze survey objectives and specifications to prepare survey proposals or to direct others in survey proposal preparation.Surveyors | 1.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 3.5 h | Accountability |
| Compute, retrace, or adjust existing surveys of features such as highway alignments, property boundaries, utilities, control and other surveys to match the ground elevation-dependent grids, geodetic grids, or property boundaries and to ensure accuracy and continuity of data used in engineering, surveying, or construction projects.Geodetic Surveyors | 1.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 6.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Plan and conduct ground surveys designed to establish baselines, elevations, and other geodetic measurements.Surveyors | 1.6% | L1 | L1L2 | 35% | 7.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Coordinate findings with the work of engineering and architectural personnel, clients, and others concerned with projects.Surveyors | 1.5% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 1.5 h | Accountability, Trust and care |
| Travel over photographed areas to observe, identify, record, and verify all relevant features.Cartographers and Photogrammetrists · supplemental task | 1.1% | L1 | L1L2 | 32% | 5.5 h | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Conduct research in surveying and mapping methods, using knowledge of photogrammetric map compilation and electronic data processing.Surveyors | 1.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 6.0 h | – |
| Develop criteria for survey methods and procedures.Surveyors | 0.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 4.0 h | Accountability |
| Direct aerial surveys of specified geographical areas.Surveyors | 0.8% | L2 | L2L2 | 42% | 6.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Locate and mark sites selected for geophysical prospecting activities, such as efforts to locate petroleum or other mineral products.Surveyors · supplemental task | 0.7% | L1 | L1L2 | 28% | 4.8 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Adjust surveying instruments to maintain their accuracy.Surveyors | 0.7% | L0 | L0L1 | 10% | 52 min | Physical presence, Accountability |
| Survey bodies of water to determine navigable channels and to secure data for construction of breakwaters, piers, and other marine structures.Surveyors | 0.6% | L1 | L1L2 | 32% | 24 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Determine specifications for equipment to be used for aerial photography, as well as altitudes from which to photograph terrain.Surveyors · supplemental task | 0.5% | L2 | L2L2 | 70% | 2.5 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Testify as an expert witness in court cases on land survey issues, such as property boundaries.Surveyors | 0.4% | L1 | L1L2 | 35% | 9.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Develop criteria for the design and modification of survey instruments.Surveyors · supplemental task | 0.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 4.0 h | – |
Level: consensus of the two models (the lower level when they disagree). Share: part of the task’s working time an agent could take over. Human time: minutes a competent person needs for one instance, as estimated by the models.
Against other measures
Exposure is not delegation
| Measure | Value | Percentile | Pct |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADI (this index) | 83.7% | 78 | |
| Eloundou et al. (2024), GPT exposure β | 0.513 | 80 | |
| Felten et al. (2021), AI occupational exposure | 0.37 | 61 | |
| Webb (2020), AI patent exposure | 84 | 81 | |
| Eisfeldt et al. (2026), generative AI exposure | 0.289 | 66 | |
| Anthropic Economic Index, observed use | 0.028 | 53 |
Earlier indices measure whether AI can touch a task; ADI measures how much of it an agent can carry out from a goal. – : the source does not cover this occupation.
Same sub-major group (21)
Neighbouring occupations
| Occupation | ADI | % |
|---|---|---|
| Graphic and multimedia designers 2166 | 96.8 | |
| Mathematicians, actuaries and statisticians 2120 | 96.5 | |
| Meteorologists 2112 | 94.4 | |
| Electrical engineers 2151 | 91.8 | |
| Building architects 2161 | 91.1 | |
| Telecommunications engineers 2153 | 90.1 | |
| Engineering professionals not elsewhere classified 2149 | 89.4 | |
| Chemical engineers 2145 | 88.9 | |
| Environmental engineers 2143 | 88.6 | |
| Industrial and production engineers 2141 | 87.6 | |
| Electronics engineers 2152 | 85.5 | |
| Mechanical engineers 2144 | 84.9 |
Dashed line: cartographers and surveyors (83.7%).
Cite this record
Text
Espinal Maya, Cristian, and Santiago Jiménez Londoño. 2026. ADI v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and MCP server. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918. Record: Cartographers and surveyors (ISCO-08 2165), https://balamlabs.org/adi/occupations/2165
BibTeX
@misc{espinal2026adidata,
title = {{ADI} v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and {MCP} server},
author = {Espinal Maya, Cristian and Jim{\'e}nez Londo{\~n}o, Santiago},
year = {2026},
publisher = {Zenodo},
version = {v2026.1},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
note = {Record: Cartographers and surveyors (ISCO-08 2165)}
}Machine-readable
The same record as static JSON, with its citation: /adi/v2026.1/isco/2165.json.