ISCO-08 2161
Building architects
91.1%
ADI · 55th of 433 · 95% interval 78.6–100.0
An AI agent can at least partly carry out 91.1% of the task time of building architects, and finish 0.0% alone. The barrier that holds most of the rest back is access to the systems the work runs on.
ADI · partial or full91.1%
55th of 433 · interval 78.6–100.0
ADI3 · full delegation0.0%
201st of 433 · interval 0.0–0.0
ADIs · share of time51.8%
114th of 433 · interval 48.0–55.4
Evidence24
task statements rated by two models and weighted by importance and frequency. World employment: 1.9 million.
Task weight by level
How the tasks rate
L0No meaningful role · 0.0%L1Augmentation · 8.9%L2Partial delegation · 91.1%L3Full delegation · 0.0%
Barriers
What stops the agent
Share of task weight flagged by each barrier; a task can carry several.
24 task statements, heaviest first
| Task statement (O*NET occupation) | Weight | Level | Sonnet · Haiku | Share | Human time | Barriers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prepare scale drawings or architectural designs, using computer-aided design or other tools.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | 8.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 6.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Prepare information regarding design, structure specifications, materials, color, equipment, estimated costs, or construction time.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | 6.8% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 3.5 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Develop final construction plans that include aesthetic representations of the structure or details for its construction.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | 6.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 52% | 40 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Monitor the work of specialists, such as electrical engineers, mechanical engineers, interior designers, or sound specialists to ensure optimal form or function of designs or final structures.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | 5.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 48% | 3.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Integrate engineering elements into unified architectural designs.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | 5.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 6.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Plan layouts of structural architectural projects.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | 5.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 7.0 h | Accountability |
| Direct activities of technicians engaged in preparing drawings or specification documents.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | 5.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 45% | 1.5 h | Accountability, Trust and care |
| Prepare contract documents for building contractors.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | 5.4% | L2 | L2L2 | 58% | 24 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Plan or design structures such as residences, office buildings, theatres, factories, or other structural properties in accordance with environmental, safety, or other regulations.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | 5.4% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 25 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Consult with clients to determine functional or spatial requirements of structures.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | 5.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 45% | 3.0 h | Trust and care |
| Create three-dimensional or interactive representations of designs, using computer-assisted design software.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | 4.5% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 6.0 h | Access to systems |
| Meet with clients to review or discuss architectural drawings.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | 4.5% | L1 | L1L2 | 30% | 1.3 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Conduct periodic on-site observations of construction work to monitor compliance with plans.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | 4.4% | L1 | L1L2 | 30% | 3.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Administer construction contracts.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | 4.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 52% | 5.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Represent clients in obtaining bids or awarding construction contracts.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | 2.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 7.5 h | Accountability, Trust and care |
Show the other 9 tasks
| Task statement (O*NET occupation) | Weight | Level | Sonnet · Haiku | Share | Human time | Barriers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gather information related to projects' environmental sustainability or operational efficiency.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval · supplemental task | 2.8% | L2 | L2L2 | 68% | 4.0 h | Access to systems |
| Develop marketing materials, proposals, or presentations to generate new work opportunities.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | 2.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 5.0 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Design structures that incorporate environmentally friendly building practices or concepts, such as Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) standards.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | 2.5% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 24 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Design or plan construction of green building projects to minimize adverse environmental impact or conserve energy.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | 2.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 52% | 22 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Design environmentally sound structural upgrades to existing buildings, such as natural lighting systems, green roofs, or rainwater collection systems.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval · supplemental task | 2.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 52% | 25 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Perform predesign services, such as feasibility or environmental impact studies.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | 2.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 58% | 25 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Calculate potential energy savings by comparing estimated energy consumption of proposed design to baseline standards.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval · supplemental task | 1.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 68% | 4.5 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Inspect proposed building sites to determine suitability for construction.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval · supplemental task | 1.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 40% | 4.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Prepare operating and maintenance manuals, studies, or reports.Architects, Except Landscape and Naval · supplemental task | 1.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 7.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
Level: consensus of the two models (the lower level when they disagree). Share: part of the task’s working time an agent could take over. Human time: minutes a competent person needs for one instance, as estimated by the models.
Against other measures
Exposure is not delegation
| Measure | Value | Percentile |
|---|---|---|
| ADI (this index) | 91.1% | 88 |
| Eloundou et al. (2024), GPT exposure β | 0.486 | 75 |
| Felten et al. (2021), AI occupational exposure | 1.047 | 80 |
| Webb (2020), AI patent exposure | 87 | 86 |
| Eisfeldt et al. (2026), generative AI exposure | 0.375 | 75 |
| Anthropic Economic Index, observed use | 0.078 | 68 |
Earlier indices measure whether AI can touch a task; ADI measures how much of it an agent can carry out from a goal. – : the source does not cover this occupation.
Same sub-major group (21)
Neighbouring occupations
| Occupation | ADI | % |
|---|---|---|
| Graphic and multimedia designers 2166 | 96.8 | |
| Mathematicians, actuaries and statisticians 2120 | 96.5 | |
| Meteorologists 2112 | 94.4 | |
| Electrical engineers 2151 | 91.8 | |
| Telecommunications engineers 2153 | 90.1 | |
| Engineering professionals not elsewhere classified 2149 | 89.4 | |
| Chemical engineers 2145 | 88.9 | |
| Environmental engineers 2143 | 88.6 | |
| Industrial and production engineers 2141 | 87.6 | |
| Electronics engineers 2152 | 85.5 | |
| Mechanical engineers 2144 | 84.9 | |
| Cartographers and surveyors 2165 | 83.7 |
Dashed line: building architects (91.1%).
Cite this record
Text
Espinal Maya, Cristian, and Santiago Jiménez Londoño. 2026. ADI v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and MCP server. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918. Record: Building architects (ISCO-08 2161), https://balamlabs.org/adi/occupations/2161
BibTeX
@misc{espinal2026adidata,
title = {{ADI} v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and {MCP} server},
author = {Espinal Maya, Cristian and Jim{\'e}nez Londo{\~n}o, Santiago},
year = {2026},
publisher = {Zenodo},
version = {v2026.1},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
note = {Record: Building architects (ISCO-08 2161)}
}Machine-readable
The same record as static JSON, with its citation: /adi/v2026.1/isco/2161.json.