ISCO-08 1211
Finance managers
86.8%
ADI · 87th of 433 · 95% interval 73.4–97.0
An AI agent can at least partly carry out 86.8% of the task time of finance managers, and finish 2.9% alone. The barrier that holds most of the rest back is access to the systems the work runs on.
ADI · partial or full86.8%
87th of 433 · interval 73.4–97.0
ADI3 · full delegation2.9%
105th of 433 · interval 0.0–9.2
ADIs · share of time56.5%
77th of 433 · interval 52.0–60.6
Evidence39
task statements rated by two models and weighted by importance and frequency. World employment: 2.1 million.
Task weight by level
How the tasks rate
L0No meaningful role · 0.0%L1Augmentation · 13.3%L2Partial delegation · 83.9%L3Full delegation · 2.9%
Barriers
What stops the agent
Share of task weight flagged by each barrier; a task can carry several.
39 task statements, heaviest first
| Task statement (O*NET occupation) | Sonnet · Haiku | Barriers | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Establish and maintain relationships with individual or business customers or provide assistance with problems these customers may encounter.Financial Managers | 4.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 42% | 1.3 h | Accountability, Trust and care |
| Plan, direct, or coordinate the activities of workers in branches, offices, or departments of establishments, such as branch banks, brokerage firms, risk and insurance departments, or credit departments.Financial Managers | 4.1% | L1 | L1L2 | 38% | 5.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Oversee the flow of cash or financial instruments.Financial Managers | 4.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 3.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Receive, record, and authorize requests for disbursements in accordance with company policies and procedures.Treasurers and Controllers | 3.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 68% | 20 min | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Develop or analyze information to assess the current or future financial status of firms.Financial Managers · supplemental task | 3.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 70% | 4.0 h | Access to systems |
| Examine, evaluate, or process loan applications.Financial Managers · supplemental task | 3.8% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 1.8 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Supervise employees performing financial reporting, accounting, billing, collections, payroll, and budgeting duties.Treasurers and Controllers · supplemental task | 3.4% | L2 | L2L2 | 42% | 3.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Delegate authority for the receipt, disbursement, banking, protection, and custody of funds, securities, and financial instruments.Treasurers and Controllers | 3.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 40% | 3.5 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Approve, reject, or coordinate the approval or rejection of lines of credit or commercial, real estate, or personal loans.Financial Managers · supplemental task | 3.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 1.5 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Receive cash and checks and make deposits.Treasurers and Controllers | 3.2% | L1 | L1L2 | 32% | 38 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Monitor financial activities and details, such as cash flow and reserve levels, to ensure that all legal and regulatory requirements are met.Treasurers and Controllers | 3.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 2.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Evaluate needs for procurement of funds and investment of surpluses and make appropriate recommendations.Treasurers and Controllers | 3.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 4.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Network within communities to find and attract new business.Financial Managers · supplemental task | 3.0% | L1 | L1L2 | 32% | 2.8 h | Physical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Establish procedures for custody or control of assets, records, loan collateral, or securities to ensure safekeeping.Financial Managers · supplemental task | 2.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 6.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Develop and maintain relationships with banking, insurance, and external accounting personnel to facilitate financial activities.Treasurers and Controllers | 2.9% | L1 | L1L2 | 38% | 1.5 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
Show the other 24 tasks
| Task statement (O*NET occupation) | Sonnet · Haiku | Barriers | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Review collection reports to determine the status of collections and the amounts of outstanding balances.Financial Managers · supplemental task | 2.9% | L3 | L3L3 | 82% | 52 min | Access to systems |
| Communicate with stockholders or other investors to provide information or to raise capital.Financial Managers · supplemental task | 2.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 2.8 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Prepare financial or regulatory reports required by laws, regulations, or boards of directors.Financial Managers · supplemental task | 2.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 6.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Compute, withhold, and account for all payroll deductions.Treasurers and Controllers · supplemental task | 2.6% | L2 | L2L3 | 72% | 2.3 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Evaluate financial reporting systems, accounting or collection procedures, or investment activities and make recommendations for changes to procedures, operating systems, budgets, or other financial control functions.Financial Managers · supplemental task | 2.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 6.0 h | Access to systems |
| Prepare operational or risk reports for management analysis.Financial Managers · supplemental task | 2.4% | L2 | L2L3 | 75% | 3.5 h | Access to systems |
| Provide direction and assistance to other organizational units regarding accounting and budgeting policies and procedures and efficient control and utilization of financial resources.Treasurers and Controllers | 2.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 2.5 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Evaluate data pertaining to costs to plan budgets.Financial Managers | 2.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 68% | 3.5 h | Access to systems |
| Coordinate and direct the financial planning, budgeting, procurement, or investment activities of all or part of an organization.Treasurers and Controllers | 2.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 48% | 6.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Analyze the financial details of past, present, and expected operations to identify development opportunities and areas where improvement is needed.Treasurers and Controllers | 2.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 4.0 h | Access to systems |
| Advise management on short-term and long-term financial objectives, policies, and actions.Treasurers and Controllers | 2.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 52% | 4.5 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Monitor and evaluate the performance of accounting and other financial staff, recommending and implementing personnel actions, such as promotions and dismissals.Treasurers and Controllers | 2.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 42% | 5.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Maintain current knowledge of organizational policies and procedures, federal and state policies and directives, and current accounting standards.Treasurers and Controllers | 2.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 2.5 h | Access to systems |
| Review reports of securities transactions or price lists to analyze market conditions.Financial Managers · supplemental task | 1.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 70% | 1.8 h | Access to systems |
| Prepare or direct preparation of financial statements, business activity reports, financial position forecasts, annual budgets, or reports required by regulatory agencies.Treasurers and Controllers | 1.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 68% | 8.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Oversee training programs.Financial Managers | 1.8% | L2 | L2L2 | 48% | 3.0 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Handle all aspects of employee insurance, benefits, and casualty programs, including monitoring changes in health insurance regulations and creating budgets for benefits and worker's compensation.Treasurers and Controllers · supplemental task | 1.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 58% | 6.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Conduct or coordinate audits of company accounts and financial transactions to ensure compliance with state and federal requirements and statutes.Treasurers and Controllers | 1.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 6.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Develop internal control policies, guidelines, and procedures for activities, such as budget administration, cash and credit management, and accounting.Treasurers and Controllers | 1.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 6.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Lead staff training and development in budgeting and financial management areas.Treasurers and Controllers | 1.5% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 5.5 h | Trust and care |
| Perform tax planning work.Treasurers and Controllers · supplemental task | 1.4% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 6.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Prepare and file annual tax returns or prepare financial information so that outside accountants can complete tax returns.Treasurers and Controllers · supplemental task | 1.4% | L2 | L2L2 | 68% | 10 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Recruit staff members.Financial Managers | 1.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 9.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care |
| Determine depreciation rates to apply to capitalized items and advise management on actions regarding the purchase, lease, or disposal of such items.Treasurers and Controllers · supplemental task | 0.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 3.0 h | Access to systems |
Level: consensus of the two models (the lower level when they disagree). Share: part of the task’s working time an agent could take over. Human time: minutes a competent person needs for one instance, as estimated by the models.
Against other measures
Exposure is not delegation
| Measure | Value | Percentile | Pct |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADI (this index) | 86.8% | 80 | |
| Eloundou et al. (2024), GPT exposure β | 0.469 | 71 | |
| Felten et al. (2021), AI occupational exposure | 1.446 | 100 | |
| Webb (2020), AI patent exposure | 67 | 59 | |
| Eisfeldt et al. (2026), generative AI exposure | 0.436 | 82 | |
| Anthropic Economic Index, observed use | 0.391 | 97 |
Earlier indices measure whether AI can touch a task; ADI measures how much of it an agent can carry out from a goal. – : the source does not cover this occupation.
Same sub-major group (12)
Neighbouring occupations
| Occupation | ADI | % |
|---|---|---|
| Advertising and public relations managers 1222 | 89.9 | |
| Human resource managers 1212 | 89.5 | |
| Policy and planning managers 1213 | 88.6 | |
| Sales and marketing managers 1221 | 87.7 | |
| Research and development managers 1223 | 87.2 | |
| Business services and administration managers not elsewhere classified 1219 | 80.7 |
Dashed line: finance managers (86.8%).
Cite this record
Text
Espinal Maya, Cristian, and Santiago Jiménez Londoño. 2026. ADI v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and MCP server. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918. Record: Finance managers (ISCO-08 1211), https://balamlabs.org/adi/occupations/1211
BibTeX
@misc{espinal2026adidata,
title = {{ADI} v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and {MCP} server},
author = {Espinal Maya, Cristian and Jim{\'e}nez Londo{\~n}o, Santiago},
year = {2026},
publisher = {Zenodo},
version = {v2026.1},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
note = {Record: Finance managers (ISCO-08 1211)}
}Machine-readable
The same record as static JSON, with its citation: /adi/v2026.1/isco/1211.json.