Skip to content
Balam Labs
ISCO-08 4131

Typists and word processing operators

96.0%
ADI · 30th of 433 · 95% interval 87.2–100.0

An AI agent can at least partly carry out 96.0% of the task time of typists and word processing operators, and finish 61.9% alone.

ADI · partial or full96.0%

30th of 433 · interval 87.2–100.0

ADI3 · full delegation61.9%

2nd of 433 · interval 40.4–82.5

ADIs · share of time73.8%

5th of 433 · interval 62.8–83.1

Evidence19

task statements rated by two models and weighted by importance and frequency. World employment: 0.2 million.

Task weight by level

How the tasks rate

34%
62%
L0No meaningful role · 4.0%L1Augmentation · 0.0%L2Partial delegation · 34.1%L3Full delegation · 61.9%
Barriers

What stops the agent

Physical presence33%
Accountability0%
Trust and care0%
Access to systems31%

Share of task weight flagged by each barrier; a task can carry several.

19 task statements, heaviest first
Task statement (O*NET occupation)WeightLevelSonnet · HaikuShareHuman timeBarriers
Perform other clerical duties, such as answering telephone, sorting and distributing mail, running errands or sending faxes.Word Processors and Typists7.5%L2L2L238%38 minPhysical presence, Access to systems
Check completed work for spelling, grammar, punctuation, and format.Word Processors and Typists6.9%L3L3L390%25 min–
Print and make copies of work.Word Processors and Typists6.5%L2L2L235%8 minPhysical presence, Access to systems
File and store completed documents on computer hard drive or disk, or maintain a computer filing system to store, retrieve, update, and delete documents.Word Processors and Typists6.5%L3L3L390%8 min–
Transmit work electronically to other locations.Word Processors and Typists5.7%L3L3L390%10 minAccess to systems
Type correspondence, reports, text and other written material from rough drafts, corrected copies, voice recordings, dictation, or previous versions, using a computer, word processor, or typewriter.Word Processors and Typists5.5%L3L3L390%38 min–
Gather, register, and arrange the material to be typed, following instructions.Word Processors and Typists5.3%L2L2L375%38 minAccess to systems
Address envelopes or prepare envelope labels, using typewriter or computer.Word Processors and Typists5.3%L2L2L275%11 minPhysical presence
Adjust settings for format, page layout, line spacing, and other style requirements.Word Processors and Typists5.2%L3L3L385%20 min–
Keep records of work performed.Word Processors and Typists5.2%L3L3L385%18 minAccess to systems
Use data entry devices, such as optical scanners, to input data into computers for revision or editing.Word Processors and Typists4.9%L2L2L265%22 minPhysical presence, Access to systems
Electronically sort and compile text and numerical data, retrieving, updating, and merging documents as required.Word Processors and Typists4.8%L3L3L388%52 min–
Compute and verify totals on report forms, requisitions, or bills, using adding machine or calculator.Word Processors and Typists4.7%L3L3L390%18 min–
Collate pages of reports and other documents.Word Processors and Typists4.7%L2L2L362%25 minPhysical presence
Search for specific sets of stored, typed characters to make changes.Word Processors and Typists4.7%L3L3L395%12 min–
Show the other 4 tasks
Task statement (O*NET occupation)WeightLevelSonnet · HaikuShareHuman timeBarriers
Manage schedules and set dates, times, and locations for meetings and appointments.Word Processors and Typists · supplemental task4.4%L3L3L385%18 minAccess to systems
Reformat documents, moving paragraphs or columns.Word Processors and Typists4.4%L3L3L385%30 min–
Work with technical material, preparing statistical reports, planning and typing statistical tables, and combining and rearranging material from different sources.Word Processors and Typists · supplemental task4.0%L3L3L382%2.0 h–
Operate and resupply printers and computers, changing print wheels or fluid cartridges, adding paper, and loading blank tapes, cards, or disks into equipment.Word Processors and Typists4.0%L0L0L04%8 minPhysical presence, Access to systems

Level: consensus of the two models (the lower level when they disagree). Share: part of the task’s working time an agent could take over. Human time: minutes a competent person needs for one instance, as estimated by the models.

Against other measures

Exposure is not delegation

MeasureValuePercentile
ADI (this index)96.0%93
Eloundou et al. (2024), GPT exposure β0.71695
Felten et al. (2021), AI occupational exposure0.62267
Webb (2020), AI patent exposure94
Eisfeldt et al. (2026), generative AI exposure0.8599
Anthropic Economic Index, observed use0.23888

Earlier indices measure whether AI can touch a task; ADI measures how much of it an agent can carry out from a goal. – : the source does not cover this occupation.

Same sub-major group (41)

Neighbouring occupations

OccupationADI%
Data entry clerks 413293.0
Secretaries (general) 412089.6
General office clerks 411084.9

Dashed line: typists and word processing operators (96.0%).

Cite this record
Text

Espinal Maya, Cristian, and Santiago Jiménez Londoño. 2026. ADI v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and MCP server. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918. Record: Typists and word processing operators (ISCO-08 4131), https://balamlabs.org/adi/occupations/4131

BibTeX
@misc{espinal2026adidata,
  title     = {{ADI} v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and {MCP} server},
  author    = {Espinal Maya, Cristian and Jim{\'e}nez Londo{\~n}o, Santiago},
  year      = {2026},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  version   = {v2026.1},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
  note      = {Record: Typists and word processing operators (ISCO-08 4131)}
}
Machine-readable

The same record as static JSON, with its citation: /adi/v2026.1/isco/4131.json.