ISCO-08 3514
Web technicians
97.1%
ADI · 22nd of 433 · 95% interval 92.4–100.0
An AI agent can at least partly carry out 97.1% of the task time of web technicians, and finish 22.6% alone. The barrier that holds most of the rest back is access to the systems the work runs on.
ADI · partial or full97.1%
22nd of 433 · interval 92.4–100.0
ADI3 · full delegation22.6%
16th of 433 · interval 12.4–33.4
ADIs · share of time66.7%
17th of 433 · interval 63.7–69.8
Evidence79
task statements rated by two models and weighted by importance and frequency. World employment: 0.8 million.
Task weight by level
How the tasks rate
L0No meaningful role · 0.0%L1Augmentation · 2.9%L2Partial delegation · 74.5%L3Full delegation · 22.7%
Barriers
What stops the agent
Share of task weight flagged by each barrier; a task can carry several.
79 task statements, heaviest first
| Task statement (O*NET occupation) | Weight | Level | Sonnet · Haiku | Share | Human time | Barriers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maintain and administer computer networks and related computing environments, including computer hardware, systems software, applications software, and all configurations.Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 3.4% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 3.0 h | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Operate master consoles to monitor the performance of computer systems and networks and to coordinate computer network access and use.Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 2.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 2.5 h | Access to systems |
| Write supporting code for Web applications or Web sites.Web Developers | 2.7% | L3 | L3L3 | 82% | 2.0 h | – |
| Diagnose, troubleshoot, and resolve hardware, software, or other network and system problems, and replace defective components when necessary.Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 2.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 58% | 1.3 h | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Configure, monitor, and maintain email applications or virus protection software.Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 2.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 68% | 1.3 h | Access to systems |
| Design, build, or maintain Web sites, using authoring or scripting languages, content creation tools, management tools, and digital media.Web Developers | 2.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 70% | 6.0 h | – |
| Perform data backups and disaster recovery operations.Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 2.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 2.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Back up files from Web sites to local directories for instant recovery in case of problems.Web Developers | 2.3% | L3 | L3L3 | 88% | 38 min | – |
| Monitor network performance to determine whether adjustments are needed and where changes will be needed in the future.Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 2.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 68% | 2.0 h | Access to systems |
| Confer with network users about solutions to existing system problems.Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 2.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 58% | 30 min | Access to systems |
| Analyze equipment performance records to determine the need for repair or replacement.Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 2.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 70% | 1.5 h | Access to systems |
| Load computer tapes and disks, and install software and printer paper or forms.Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 2.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 42% | 38 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Implement and provide technical support for voice services and equipment, such as private branch exchange, voice mail system, and telecom system.Network and Computer Systems Administrators · supplemental task | 2.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 3.0 h | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Design and implement Web site security measures, such as firewalls and message encryption.Web Developers · supplemental task | 1.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 4.0 h | Access to systems |
| Incorporate technical considerations into Web site design plans, such as budgets, equipment, performance requirements, and legal issues including accessibility and privacy.Web Developers · supplemental task | 1.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 4.0 h | Access to systems |
Show the other 64 tasks
| Task statement (O*NET occupation) | Weight | Level | Sonnet · Haiku | Share | Human time | Barriers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Design, configure, and test computer hardware, networking software and operating system software.Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 1.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 4.0 h | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Plan, coordinate, and implement network security measures to protect data, software, and hardware.Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 1.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 58% | 4.0 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Maintain logs related to network functions, as well as maintenance and repair records.Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 1.8% | L3 | L3L3 | 82% | 52 min | Access to systems |
| Evaluate code to ensure that it is valid, is properly structured, meets industry standards, and is compatible with browsers, devices, or operating systems.Web Developers | 1.8% | L3 | L3L3 | 82% | 2.0 h | – |
| Train people in computer system use.Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 1.8% | L2 | L2L2 | 58% | 1.5 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Perform routine network startup and shutdown procedures, and maintain control records.Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 1.8% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 45 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Respond to user email inquiries, or set up automated systems to send responses.Web Developers | 1.7% | L3 | L3L3 | 82% | 15 min | Access to systems |
| Perform or direct Web site updates.Web Developers | 1.7% | L3 | L3L3 | 82% | 1.8 h | Access to systems |
| Recommend changes to improve systems and network configurations, and determine hardware or software requirements related to such changes.Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 1.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 2.5 h | Access to systems |
| Perform Web site tests according to planned schedules, or after any Web site or product revision.Web Developers | 1.6% | L3 | L3L3 | 80% | 1.5 h | – |
| Confer with management or development teams to prioritize needs, resolve conflicts, develop content criteria, or choose solutions.Web Developers | 1.5% | L1 | L1L2 | 32% | 1.0 h | Trust and care |
| Select programming languages, design tools, or applications.Web Developers | 1.5% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 1.8 h | – |
| Maintain understanding of current Web technologies or programming practices through continuing education, reading, or participation in professional conferences, workshops, or groups.Web Developers | 1.4% | L1 | L1L2 | 48% | 1.8 h | – |
| Develop databases that support Web applications and Web sites.Web Developers | 1.4% | L2 | L2L2 | 72% | 5.5 h | Access to systems |
| Monitor security system performance logs to identify problems and notify security specialists when problems occur.Web Developers · supplemental task | 1.3% | L3 | L3L3 | 85% | 45 min | Access to systems |
| Coordinate with vendors and with company personnel to facilitate purchases.Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 1.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 1.8 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Gather data pertaining to customer needs, and use the information to identify, predict, interpret, and evaluate system and network requirements.Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 1.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 3.5 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Document test plans, testing procedures, or test results.Web Developers | 1.3% | L3 | L3L3 | 82% | 1.8 h | – |
| Analyze user needs to determine technical requirements.Web Developers | 1.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 3.0 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Maintain an inventory of parts for emergency repairs.Network and Computer Systems Administrators · supplemental task | 1.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 1.5 h | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Document technical factors such as server load, bandwidth, database performance, and browser and device types.Web Developers | 1.2% | L2 | L2L3 | 75% | 2.0 h | Access to systems |
| Establish appropriate server directory trees.Web Developers | 1.1% | L3 | L3L3 | 85% | 38 min | Access to systems |
| Recommend and implement performance improvements.Web Developers | 1.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 70% | 4.0 h | – |
| Collaborate with management or users to develop e-commerce strategies and to integrate these strategies with Web sites.Web Developers | 1.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 48% | 6.0 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Research new technologies by attending seminars, reading trade articles, or taking classes, and implement or recommend the implementation of new technologies.Network and Computer Systems Administrators · supplemental task | 1.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 4.0 h | Access to systems |
| Communicate with network personnel or Web site hosting agencies to address hardware or software issues affecting Web sites.Web Developers | 1.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 38 min | Access to systems |
| Develop or implement procedures for ongoing Web site revision.Web Developers | 1.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 4.0 h | Access to systems |
| Create Web models or prototypes that include physical, interface, logical, or data models.Web Developers | 1.0% | L2 | L2L3 | 72% | 6.0 h | – |
| Provide clear, detailed descriptions of Web site specifications, such as product features, activities, software, communication protocols, programming languages, and operating systems software and hardware.Web Developers | 1.0% | L3 | L3L3 | 78% | 3.0 h | – |
| Renew domain name registrations.Web Developers | 0.9% | L3 | L3L3 | 85% | 12 min | Access to systems |
| Evaluate or recommend server hardware or software.Web Developers | 0.8% | L2 | L2L3 | 68% | 3.5 h | Access to systems |
| Develop system interaction or sequence diagrams.Web Developers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L3 | L3L3 | 88% | 1.3 h | – |
| Provide clear, detailed descriptions of Web site specifications, such as product features, activities, software, communication protocols, programming languages, and operating systems software and hardware.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L3 | 78% | 3.5 h | – |
| Identify or maintain links to and from other Web sites and check links to ensure proper functioning.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L3 | L3L3 | 85% | 1.3 h | – |
| Identify problems uncovered by testing or customer feedback, and correct problems or refer problems to appropriate personnel for correction.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 68% | 2.0 h | Access to systems |
| Incorporate technical considerations into Web site design plans, such as budgets, equipment, performance requirements, or legal issues including accessibility and privacy.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 3.0 h | – |
| Maintain understanding of current Web technologies or programming practices through continuing education, reading, or participation in professional conferences, workshops, or groups.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 52% | 2.0 h | – |
| Perform or direct Web site updates.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 72% | 1.8 h | Access to systems |
| Perform Web site tests according to planned schedules, or after any Web site or product revision.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 70% | 2.0 h | – |
| Research and apply innovative solutions for product design, visuals, and user experience to meet the needs of individual Web development projects.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 4.0 h | – |
| Register Web sites with search engines to increase Web site traffic.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L3 | L3L3 | 88% | 1.1 h | Access to systems |
| Write and edit technical documentation for digital interface products and designs, such as user manuals, testing protocols, and reports.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L3 | 78% | 3.3 h | Access to systems |
| Research, document, rate, or select alternatives for Web architecture or technologies.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L3 | 78% | 3.5 h | – |
| Respond to user email inquiries, or set up automated systems to send responses.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L3L2 | 78% | 18 min | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Select programming languages, design tools, or applications.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 68% | 1.8 h | Access to systems |
| Direct and execute pre-production activities, such as creating moodboards or storyboards and establishing a project timeline.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 4.0 h | – |
| Document technical factors such as server load, bandwidth, database performance, and browser and device types.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L3 | 70% | 2.5 h | Access to systems |
| Write supporting code for Web applications or Web sites.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L3 | L3L3 | 82% | 3.0 h | – |
| Develop, validate, and document test routines and schedules to ensure that test cases mimic external interfaces and address all browser and device types.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L3 | 75% | 6.0 h | Access to systems |
| Develop Web site maps, application models, image templates, or page templates that meet project goals, user needs, or industry standards.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 4.0 h | – |
| Develop system interaction or sequence diagrams.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L3 | 78% | 1.8 h | – |
| Develop or implement procedures for ongoing Web site revision.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 4.0 h | Access to systems |
| Develop new visual design concepts and modify concepts based on stakeholder feedback.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 6.0 h | – |
| Develop and document style guidelines for Web site content.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L3 | 75% | 6.0 h | – |
| Design, build, or maintain Web sites, using authoring or scripting languages, content creation tools, management tools, and digital media.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L3 | 72% | 6.0 h | – |
| Create Web models or prototypes that include physical, interface, logical, or data models.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 70% | 4.0 h | – |
| Create searchable indices for Web page content.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L3 | L3L3 | 85% | 2.0 h | – |
| Confer with management or development teams to prioritize needs, resolve conflicts, develop content criteria, or choose solutions.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 35% | 1.3 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Conduct user research to determine design requirements and analyze user feedback to improve design quality.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 6.0 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Communicate with network personnel or Web site hosting agencies to address hardware or software issues affecting Web sites.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 38 min | Access to systems |
| Collaborate with web development professionals, such as front-end or back-end developers, to complete the full scope of Web development projects.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 6.0 h | Access to systems |
| Collaborate with management or users to develop e-commerce strategies and to integrate these strategies with Web sites.Web and Digital Interface Designers · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 5.5 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Research, document, rate, or select alternatives for Web architecture or technologies.Web Developers · supplemental task | 0.6% | L2 | L2L3 | 75% | 4.0 h | – |
| Install and configure hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) servers and associated operating systems.Web Developers · supplemental task | 0.5% | L2 | L2L3 | 78% | 2.0 h | Access to systems |
Level: consensus of the two models (the lower level when they disagree). Share: part of the task’s working time an agent could take over. Human time: minutes a competent person needs for one instance, as estimated by the models.
Against other measures
Exposure is not delegation
| Measure | Value | Percentile |
|---|---|---|
| ADI (this index) | 97.1% | 95 |
| Eloundou et al. (2024), GPT exposure β | 0.84 | 98 |
| Felten et al. (2021), AI occupational exposure | 0.984 | 77 |
| Webb (2020), AI patent exposure | 83 | 78 |
| Eisfeldt et al. (2026), generative AI exposure | 0.605 | 94 |
| Anthropic Economic Index, observed use | 0.377 | 96 |
Earlier indices measure whether AI can touch a task; ADI measures how much of it an agent can carry out from a goal. – : the source does not cover this occupation.
Same sub-major group (35)
Neighbouring occupations
Dashed line: web technicians (97.1%).
Cite this record
Text
Espinal Maya, Cristian, and Santiago Jiménez Londoño. 2026. ADI v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and MCP server. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918. Record: Web technicians (ISCO-08 3514), https://balamlabs.org/adi/occupations/3514
BibTeX
@misc{espinal2026adidata,
title = {{ADI} v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and {MCP} server},
author = {Espinal Maya, Cristian and Jim{\'e}nez Londo{\~n}o, Santiago},
year = {2026},
publisher = {Zenodo},
version = {v2026.1},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
note = {Record: Web technicians (ISCO-08 3514)}
}Machine-readable
The same record as static JSON, with its citation: /adi/v2026.1/isco/3514.json.