ISCO-08 8143
Paper products machine operators
5.3%
ADI · 392nd of 433 · 95% interval 0.0–14.0
An AI agent can at least partly carry out 5.3% of the task time of paper products machine operators, and finish 0.0% alone. The barrier that holds most of the rest back is access to the systems the work runs on.
ADI · partial or full5.3%
392nd of 433 · interval 0.0–14.0
ADI3 · full delegation0.0%
201st of 433 · interval 0.0–0.0
ADIs · share of time11.4%
394th of 433 · interval 7.5–16.2
Evidence30
task statements rated by two models and weighted by importance and frequency. World employment: 1.2 million.
Task weight by level
How the tasks rate
L0No meaningful role · 69.3%L1Augmentation · 25.4%L2Partial delegation · 5.3%L3Full delegation · 0.0%
Barriers
What stops the agent
Share of task weight flagged by each barrier; a task can carry several.
30 task statements, heaviest first
| Task statement (O*NET occupation) | Weight | Level | Sonnet · Haiku | Share | Human time | Barriers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Examine completed work to detect defects and verify conformance to work orders, and adjust machinery as necessary to correct production problems.Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders | 5.5% | L1 | L1L2 | 25% | 25 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Monitor finished cartons as they drop from forming machines into rotating hoppers and into gravity feed chutes to prevent jamming.Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders · supplemental task | 4.9% | L0 | L0L0 | 5% | 16 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Observe operation of various machines to detect and correct machine malfunctions such as improper forming, glue flow, or pasteboard tension.Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders | 4.9% | L1 | L1L1 | 18% | 25 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Install attachments to machines for gluing, folding, printing, or cutting.Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders · supplemental task | 4.5% | L0 | L0L1 | 6% | 52 min | Physical presence |
| Place rolls of paper or cardboard on machine feed tracks, and thread paper through gluing, coating, and slitting rollers.Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders · supplemental task | 4.5% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 20 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Stamp products with information such as dates, using hand stamps or automatic stamping devices.Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders · supplemental task | 4.4% | L0 | L0L0 | 2% | 4 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Adjust guide assemblies, forming bars, and folding mechanisms according to specifications, using hand tools.Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders · supplemental task | 4.3% | L0 | L0L1 | 6% | 30 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Cut products to specified dimensions, using hand or power cutters.Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders · supplemental task | 4.1% | L0 | L0L1 | 6% | 22 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Remove finished cores, and stack or place them on conveyors for transfer to other work areas.Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders · supplemental task | 4.0% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 6 min | Physical presence |
| Lift tote boxes of finished cartons, and dump cartons into feed hoppers.Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders · supplemental task | 4.0% | L0 | L0L0 | 1% | 9 min | Physical presence |
| Start machines and move controls to regulate tension on pressure rolls, to synchronize speed of machine components, and to adjust temperatures of glue or paraffin.Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders | 4.0% | L0 | L0L1 | 6% | 25 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Measure, space, and set saw blades, cutters, and perforators, according to product specifications.Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders · supplemental task | 4.0% | L0 | L0L1 | 10% | 32 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Fill glue and paraffin reservoirs, and position rollers to dispense glue onto paperboard.Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders · supplemental task | 3.7% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 18 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Disassemble machines to maintain, repair, or replace broken or worn parts, using hand or power tools.Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders | 3.1% | L0 | L0L1 | 10% | 1.5 h | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Monitor machine operations to detect malfunctions and report or resolve problems.Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders | 3.0% | L1 | L1L2 | 32% | 4.3 h | Physical presence, Access to systems |
Show the other 15 tasks
| Task statement (O*NET occupation) | Weight | Level | Sonnet · Haiku | Share | Human time | Barriers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Align and position materials being joined to ensure accurate application of adhesive or heat sealing.Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders | 2.9% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 8 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Adjust machine components according to specifications such as widths, lengths, and thickness of materials and amounts of glue, cement, or adhesive required.Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders | 2.9% | L1 | L1L1 | 15% | 22 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Start machines, and turn valves or move controls to feed, admit, apply, or transfer materials and adhesives, and to adjust temperature, pressure, and time settings.Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders | 2.9% | L1 | L1L1 | 12% | 18 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Mount or load material such as paper, plastic, wood, or rubber in feeding mechanisms of cementing or gluing machines.Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders | 2.7% | L0 | L0L0 | 2% | 10 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Maintain production records such as quantities, dimensions, and thicknesses of materials processed.Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders | 2.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 18 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Read work orders and communicate with coworkers to determine machine and equipment settings and adjustments and supply and product specifications.Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders | 2.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 48% | 18 min | Physical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Remove and stack completed materials or products, and restock materials to be joined.Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders | 2.6% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 12 min | Physical presence |
| Examine and measure completed materials or products to verify conformance to specifications, using measuring devices such as tape measures, gauges, or calipers.Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders | 2.6% | L0 | L0L1 | 10% | 5 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Fill machines with glue, cement, or adhesives.Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders | 2.6% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 12 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Observe gauges, meters, and control panels to obtain information about equipment temperatures and pressures, or the speed of feeders or conveyors.Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders | 2.5% | L1 | L1L1 | 22% | 12 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Perform test production runs and make adjustments as necessary to ensure that completed products meet standards and specifications.Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders | 2.5% | L1 | L1L1 | 20% | 52 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Transport materials, supplies, and finished products between storage and work areas, using forklifts.Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders | 2.2% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 18 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Remove jammed materials from machines and readjust components as necessary to resume normal operations.Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders | 2.1% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 18 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Clean and maintain gluing and cementing machines, using solutions, lubricants, brushes, and scrapers.Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders · supplemental task | 2.0% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 35 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Measure and mix ingredients to prepare glue.Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders · supplemental task | 1.3% | L1 | L1L1 | 10% | 20 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
Level: consensus of the two models (the lower level when they disagree). Share: part of the task’s working time an agent could take over. Human time: minutes a competent person needs for one instance, as estimated by the models.
Against other measures
Exposure is not delegation
| Measure | Value | Percentile |
|---|---|---|
| ADI (this index) | 5.3% | 10 |
| Eloundou et al. (2024), GPT exposure β | 0.027 | 4 |
| Felten et al. (2021), AI occupational exposure | -1.049 | 19 |
| Webb (2020), AI patent exposure | 79.8 | 72 |
| Eisfeldt et al. (2026), generative AI exposure | 0.024 | 17 |
| Anthropic Economic Index, observed use | 0 | 16 |
Earlier indices measure whether AI can touch a task; ADI measures how much of it an agent can carry out from a goal. – : the source does not cover this occupation.
Same sub-major group (81)
Neighbouring occupations
Dashed line: paper products machine operators (5.3%).
Cite this record
Text
Espinal Maya, Cristian, and Santiago Jiménez Londoño. 2026. ADI v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and MCP server. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918. Record: Paper products machine operators (ISCO-08 8143), https://balamlabs.org/adi/occupations/8143
BibTeX
@misc{espinal2026adidata,
title = {{ADI} v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and {MCP} server},
author = {Espinal Maya, Cristian and Jim{\'e}nez Londo{\~n}o, Santiago},
year = {2026},
publisher = {Zenodo},
version = {v2026.1},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
note = {Record: Paper products machine operators (ISCO-08 8143)}
}Machine-readable
The same record as static JSON, with its citation: /adi/v2026.1/isco/8143.json.