ISCO-08 1345
Education managers
74.8%
ADI · 128th of 433 · 95% interval 64.5–84.5
An AI agent can at least partly carry out 74.8% of the task time of education managers, and finish 0.0% alone. The barrier that holds most of the rest back is access to the systems the work runs on.
ADI · partial or full74.8%
128th of 433 · interval 64.5–84.5
ADI3 · full delegation0.0%
201st of 433 · interval 0.0–0.0
ADIs · share of time48.9%
134th of 433 · interval 45.4–52.3
Evidence83
task statements rated by two models and weighted by importance and frequency. World employment: 3.4 million.
Task weight by level
How the tasks rate
L0No meaningful role · 0.0%L1Augmentation · 25.2%L2Partial delegation · 74.8%L3Full delegation · 0.0%
Barriers
What stops the agent
Share of task weight flagged by each barrier; a task can carry several.
83 task statements, heaviest first
| Task statement (O*NET occupation) | Weight | Level | Sonnet · Haiku | Share | Human time | Barriers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maintain wellness- and fitness-related schedules, records, or reports.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 2.3% | L2 | L3L2 | 75% | 1.0 h | Access to systems |
| Manage or oversee fitness or recreation facilities, ensuring safe and clean facilities and equipment.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 2.2% | L1 | L1L2 | 32% | 4.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Direct activities of administrative departments, such as admissions, registration, and career services.Education Administrators, Postsecondary · supplemental task | 2.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 38% | 4.5 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Supervise fitness or wellness specialists, such as fitness instructors, nutritionists, or health educators.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 2.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 40% | 1.5 h | Physical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Track attendance, participation, or performance data related to wellness events.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 2.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 70% | 1.3 h | Access to systems |
| Develop or coordinate fitness and wellness programs or services.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 1.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 52% | 4.0 h | Physical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Direct, coordinate, and evaluate the activities of personnel, including support staff engaged in administering academic institutions, departments, or alumni organizations.Education Administrators, Postsecondary | 1.9% | L1 | L1L2 | 30% | 4.5 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Counsel and provide guidance to students regarding personal, academic, vocational, or behavioral issues.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 1.8% | L1 | L1L2 | 28% | 38 min | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Enforce discipline and attendance rules.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 1.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 45% | 1.1 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Recommend or approve new program or service offerings to promote wellness and fitness, produce revenues, or minimize costs.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 1.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 6.0 h | Access to systems |
| Maintain or arrange for maintenance of fitness equipment or facilities.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 1.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 40% | 1.3 h | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Confer with parents and staff to discuss educational activities, policies, and student behavior or learning problems.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 1.7% | L1 | L1L1 | 22% | 45 min | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Advise students on issues such as course selection, progress toward graduation, and career decisions.Education Administrators, Postsecondary | 1.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 52% | 38 min | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Teach fitness classes to improve strength, flexibility, cardiovascular conditioning, or general fitness of participants.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 1.6% | L1 | L1L1 | 12% | 1.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Participate in student recruitment, selection, and admission, making admissions recommendations when required to do so.Education Administrators, Postsecondary · supplemental task | 1.5% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 2.3 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
Show the other 68 tasks
| Task statement (O*NET occupation) | Weight | Level | Sonnet · Haiku | Share | Human time | Barriers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demonstrate proper operation of fitness equipment, such as resistance machines, cardio machines, free weights, or fitness assessment devices.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 1.5% | L1 | L1L1 | 15% | 25 min | Physical presence, Trust and care |
| Participate in faculty and college committee activities.Education Administrators, Postsecondary | 1.5% | L1 | L1L2 | 32% | 2.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Provide assistance to faculty and staff in duties such as teaching classes, conducting orientation programs, issuing transcripts, and scheduling events.Education Administrators, Postsecondary | 1.5% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 2.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Plan, administer, and control budgets, maintain financial records, and produce financial reports.Education Administrators, Postsecondary | 1.4% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 6.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Observe teaching methods and examine learning materials to evaluate and standardize curricula and teaching techniques and to determine areas for improvement.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 1.4% | L1 | L1L2 | 38% | 3.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Teach courses within their department.Education Administrators, Postsecondary · supplemental task | 1.4% | L1 | L1L2 | 42% | 3.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Design or use assessments to monitor student learning outcomes.Education Administrators, Postsecondary | 1.4% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 3.5 h | Access to systems |
| Promote the university by participating in community, state, and national events or meetings, and by developing partnerships with industry and secondary education institutions.Education Administrators, Postsecondary | 1.4% | L1 | L1L2 | 30% | 5.5 h | Physical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Evaluate fitness and wellness programs to determine their effectiveness.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 1.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 3.5 h | Access to systems |
| Establish operational policies and procedures and make any necessary modifications, based on analysis of operations, demographics, and other research information.Education Administrators, Postsecondary | 1.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 58% | 9.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Use computer skills and software to manage Web sites or databases, publish newsletters, or provide webinars.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 1.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 2.5 h | Access to systems |
| Direct and coordinate activities of teachers, administrators, and support staff at schools, public agencies, and institutions.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 1.3% | L1 | L1L2 | 35% | 2.5 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Provide individual support or counseling in general wellness or nutrition.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 1.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 48 min | Accountability, Trust and care |
| Respond to customer, public, or media requests for information about wellness programs or services.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 1.3% | L2 | L3L2 | 78% | 18 min | Access to systems |
| Develop fitness or wellness classes, such as yoga, aerobics, strength training, or aquatics, ensuring a diversity of class offerings.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 1.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 3.3 h | Access to systems |
| Develop marketing campaigns to promote a healthy lifestyle or participation in fitness or wellness programs.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 1.3% | L2 | L2L3 | 72% | 7.0 h | Access to systems |
| Collaborate with teachers to develop and maintain curriculum standards, develop mission statements, and set performance goals and objectives.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 1.3% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 6.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care |
| Represent institutions at community and campus events, in meetings with other institution personnel, and during accreditation processes.Education Administrators, Postsecondary | 1.3% | L1 | L1L2 | 22% | 2.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Evaluate curricula, teaching methods, and programs to determine their effectiveness, efficiency, and use, and to ensure compliance with federal, state, and local regulations.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 1.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 9.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Mentor and support administrative staff members, such as superintendents and principals.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary · supplemental task | 1.2% | L1 | L1L1 | 22% | 1.0 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Set educational standards and goals, and help establish policies and procedures to carry them out.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 1.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 7.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Review registration statistics, and consult with faculty officials to develop registration policies.Education Administrators, Postsecondary · supplemental task | 1.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 6.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Select or supervise contractors, such as event hosts or health, fitness, and wellness practitioners.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 1.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 3.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Prepare reports on academic or institutional data.Education Administrators, Postsecondary | 1.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 70% | 4.0 h | Access to systems |
| Develop curricula, and recommend curricula revisions and additions.Education Administrators, Postsecondary · supplemental task | 1.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 28 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Track cost-containment strategies and programs to evaluate effectiveness.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 1.2% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 2.5 h | Access to systems |
| Appoint individuals to faculty positions, and evaluate their performance.Education Administrators, Postsecondary · supplemental task | 1.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 45% | 9.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Determine course schedules, and coordinate teaching assignments and room assignments to ensure optimum use of buildings and equipment.Education Administrators, Postsecondary · supplemental task | 1.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 7.0 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Determine allocations of funds for staff, supplies, materials, and equipment, and authorize purchases.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 1.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 58% | 3.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Review student misconduct reports requiring disciplinary action, and counsel students regarding such reports.Education Administrators, Postsecondary · supplemental task | 1.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 52% | 1.4 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Conduct or facilitate training sessions or seminars for wellness and fitness staff.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 1.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 42% | 3.0 h | Physical presence, Trust and care |
| Prepare or implement budgets and strategic, operational, purchasing, or maintenance plans.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 1.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 4.0 h | Access to systems |
| Prepare, maintain, or oversee the preparation and maintenance of attendance, activity, planning, or personnel reports and records.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 1.1% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 2.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Participate in special education-related activities, such as attending meetings and providing support to special educators throughout the district.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 1.1% | L1 | L1L2 | 28% | 1.8 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Teach classes or courses to students.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 1.0% | L1 | L1L2 | 28% | 55 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Formulate strategic plans for the institution.Education Administrators, Postsecondary | 1.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 24 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Recommend personnel actions related to programs and services.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 1.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 48% | 2.8 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Recruit, hire, train, and terminate departmental personnel.Education Administrators, Postsecondary | 1.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 42% | 10 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Establish, coordinate, and oversee particular programs across school districts, such as programs to evaluate student academic achievement.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary · supplemental task | 1.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 42% | 22 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Plan, coordinate, and oversee school logistics programs, such as bus and food services.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary · supplemental task | 1.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 45% | 5.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Plan and lead professional development activities for teachers, administrators, and support staff.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 1.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 48% | 7.0 h | Physical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Determine the scope of educational program offerings, and prepare drafts of course schedules and descriptions to estimate staffing and facility requirements.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 1.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 5.0 h | Access to systems |
| Direct and coordinate school maintenance services and the use of school facilities.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary · supplemental task | 1.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 45% | 1.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Consult with government regulatory and licensing agencies to ensure the institution's conformance with applicable standards.Education Administrators, Postsecondary · supplemental task | 1.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 45% | 4.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Collect and analyze survey data, regulatory information, and data on demographic and employment trends to forecast enrollment patterns and curriculum change needs.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary · supplemental task | 1.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 68% | 9.0 h | Access to systems |
| Plan and develop instructional methods and content for educational, vocational, or student activity programs.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 1.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 6.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Recruit, hire, train, and evaluate primary and supplemental staff.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 0.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 10 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Confer with other academic staff to explain and formulate admission requirements and course credit policies.Education Administrators, Postsecondary · supplemental task | 0.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 40% | 2.5 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Plan and promote sporting events and social, cultural, and recreational activities.Education Administrators, Postsecondary · supplemental task | 0.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 8.0 h | Physical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Direct scholarship, fellowship, and loan programs, performing activities such as selecting recipients and distributing aid.Education Administrators, Postsecondary · supplemental task | 0.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 5.4 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Conduct needs assessments or surveys to determine interest in, or satisfaction with, wellness and fitness programs, events, or services.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 0.9% | L2 | L2L3 | 75% | 4.0 h | Access to systems |
| Coordinate and direct extracurricular activities and programs, such as after-school events and athletic contests.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 0.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 42% | 5.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Direct and participate in institutional fundraising activities, and encourage alumni participation in such activities.Education Administrators, Postsecondary · supplemental task | 0.8% | L1 | L1L2 | 35% | 5.0 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Prepare and submit budget requests and recommendations, or grant proposals to solicit program funding.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 0.8% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 8.0 h | Accountability, Access to systems |
| Develop partnerships with businesses, communities, and other organizations to help meet identified educational needs and to provide school-to-work programs.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary · supplemental task | 0.8% | L1 | L1L2 | 38% | 7.5 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Create school improvement plans, using student performance data.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 0.8% | L2 | L2L2 | 60% | 15 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Coordinate the production and dissemination of university publications, such as course catalogs and class schedules.Education Administrators, Postsecondary · supplemental task | 0.8% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 5.5 h | Access to systems |
| Advocate for new schools to be built, or for existing facilities to be repaired or remodeled.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary · supplemental task | 0.8% | L2 | L2L2 | 45% | 6.0 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Organize and direct committees of specialists, volunteers, and staff to provide technical and advisory assistance for programs.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 0.7% | L1 | L1L2 | 35% | 3.5 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Organize and oversee events such as organized runs or walks.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 52% | 25 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Organize and oversee health screenings or other preventive measures, such as mammography, blood pressure, or cholesterol screenings or flu vaccinations.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 5.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Organize and oversee fitness or wellness programs, such as information presentations, blood drives, or training in first aid or cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).Fitness and Wellness Coordinators | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 7.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Write articles, manuals, and other publications, and assist in the distribution of promotional literature about facilities and programs.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 0.7% | L2 | L2L3 | 78% | 3.3 h | Access to systems |
| Review and interpret government codes, and develop programs to ensure adherence to codes and facility safety, security, and maintenance.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary · supplemental task | 0.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 6.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Meet with federal, state, and local agencies to stay abreast of policies and to discuss improvements for education programs.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 0.6% | L1 | L1L2 | 35% | 1.8 h | Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Write grants to procure external funding, and supervise grant-funded projects.Education Administrators, Postsecondary · supplemental task | 0.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 55% | 25 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Review and approve new programs, or recommend modifications to existing programs, submitting program proposals for school board approval as necessary.Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary | 0.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 52% | 6.0 h | Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Interpret insurance data or Health Reimbursement Account (HRA) data to develop programs that address specific needs of target populations.Fitness and Wellness Coordinators · supplemental task | 0.5% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 4.0 h | Access to systems |
Level: consensus of the two models (the lower level when they disagree). Share: part of the task’s working time an agent could take over. Human time: minutes a competent person needs for one instance, as estimated by the models.
Against other measures
Exposure is not delegation
| Measure | Value | Percentile |
|---|---|---|
| ADI (this index) | 74.8% | 71 |
| Eloundou et al. (2024), GPT exposure β | 0.408 | 62 |
| Felten et al. (2021), AI occupational exposure | 0.805 | 71 |
| Webb (2020), AI patent exposure | 63 | 56 |
| Eisfeldt et al. (2026), generative AI exposure | 0.343 | 72 |
| Anthropic Economic Index, observed use | 0.073 | 67 |
Earlier indices measure whether AI can touch a task; ADI measures how much of it an agent can carry out from a goal. – : the source does not cover this occupation.
Same sub-major group (13)
Neighbouring occupations
| Occupation | ADI | % |
|---|---|---|
| Information and communications technology service managers 1330 | 93.4 | |
| Supply, distribution and related managers 1324 | 90.1 | |
| Mining managers 1322 | 88.6 | |
| Professional services managers not elsewhere classified 1349 | 88.6 | |
| Financial and insurance services branch managers 1346 | 87.5 | |
| Construction managers 1323 | 77.9 | |
| Aged care services managers 1343 | 76.0 | |
| Health services managers 1342 | 71.4 | |
| Child care services managers 1341 | 70.0 | |
| Manufacturing managers 1321 | 69.6 | |
| Social welfare managers 1344 | 68.0 | |
| Agricultural and forestry production managers 1311 | 56.5 |
Dashed line: education managers (74.8%).
Cite this record
Text
Espinal Maya, Cristian, and Santiago Jiménez Londoño. 2026. ADI v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and MCP server. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918. Record: Education managers (ISCO-08 1345), https://balamlabs.org/adi/occupations/1345
BibTeX
@misc{espinal2026adidata,
title = {{ADI} v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and {MCP} server},
author = {Espinal Maya, Cristian and Jim{\'e}nez Londo{\~n}o, Santiago},
year = {2026},
publisher = {Zenodo},
version = {v2026.1},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
note = {Record: Education managers (ISCO-08 1345)}
}Machine-readable
The same record as static JSON, with its citation: /adi/v2026.1/isco/1345.json.