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Agent Delegability Index · v2026.1 · by Balam Labs
PAN · High income · ILOSTAT 2025, ISCO-08 at two digits

Flag of PanamaPanama

9.6 points below what its income predicts · expected 43.9% at its GDP per capita

34.4%
ADI · 87th of 146 · 95% interval 33.2–35.7

Panama ranks 17 of 25 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean: 34.4% of its task time is at least partly delegable, below the world figure of 35.2% and 14.3 points below high-income countries.

IndicatorPanamaRank in regionHighest in regionRegionHigh incomeWorldSource
Delegability
ADI: task time at least partly delegable (L2–L3)34.417 of 25Puerto Rico (49.9)37.748.735.2ADI v2026.1
ADI3: task time fully delegable (L3)2.421 of 25Puerto Rico (4.9)3.03.72.5ADI v2026.1
ADIs: expected share of working time delegable29.117 of 25Puerto Rico (38.7)31.037.429.5ADI v2026.1
Adoption
AI use per working-age adult (index)1.246 of 18Uruguay (1.83)0.962.801.53Anthropic Economic Index
Context
GDP per capita, PPP (constant 2021 international $)37,5163 of 25Guyana (83,659)24,61556,34127,620World Bank WDI
Informal employment, % of total employment55.711 of 22Bahamas (15.5)53.412.550.2ILOSTAT

Region: the 25 countries of Latin America and the Caribbean in the atlas (World Bank regions). Delegability rows are employment-weighted means; adoption and context rows are simple means over countries with data. For informality, rank 1 is the lowest. With equal weights inside reported groups, the preregistered sensitivity check, Panama’s ADI is 34.2%.

Where it sits

Panama against the delegation divide

Each flag is a country; the dashed line is what GDP per capita alone predicts. Latin America and the Caribbean keeps its colours, the rest is grey. Panama is 9.6 points below what its income predicts.

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Panama and the other 145 countries: ADI against GDP per capita0102030405060$1k$2k$5k$10k$20k$50k$100kGDP per capita, PPP (log scale)ADI: task time at least partly delegable, %PanamaPuerto RicoCuraçaoGrenadaEcuadorDashed line, the delegation divide: +7.2 pts per log point of GDP pc (R² 0.71)

Balam Labs · Agent Delegability Index v2026.1 · balamlabs.org/adi

What drives the number

Who works in Panama, and how delegable their tasks are

Professionals and service and sales workers supply 39% of Panama’s delegable task time while employing 32% of its workers.

Share of employment
Panama100%
World100%
Points of delegable task time (sum = ADI)
Panama34.4%
World35.2%

Hover a block to read one group. Shade: the group’s ADI, light 10% to dark 85%.

Major groupEmployment, PanamaWorldADI of group, PanamaPoints of ADI, Panama
1 · Managers5.1%3.9%83.94.3
4 · Clerical support workers5.9%5.0%75.74.5
2 · Professionals11.8%11.2%68.28.1
3 · Technicians and associate professionals7.6%6.7%69.25.3
5 · Service and sales workers20.0%17.8%26.85.4
8 · Plant and machine operators and assemblers7.5%7.6%13.91.0
6 · Skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers9.7%21.9%14.71.4
7 · Craft and related trades workers13.8%10.8%19.62.7
9 · Elementary occupations18.6%15.2%9.41.7
What stops the agent here

Barriers, weighted by its jobs

The largest gap with the world is accountability: 31% of task weight against 26% worldwide, a heavier brake on agents.

BarrierShare of task weightPANWorld
Physical presence
72%72%
Accountability
31%26%
Trust and care
28%26%
Access to systems
60%59%

Dashed tick: world, weighting the same tasks by world employment. A task can carry more than one barrier.

AI use

Delegable work and actual AI use

With 1.24× the world’s Claude use per working-age person, Panama uses AI about as much as its delegable work would suggest (gap -0.28 standard deviations).

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ADI against Claude use per working-age person, Panama highlighted01020304050600.050.10.20.5125Claude use per working-age person, world = 1 (log scale)ADI: task time at least partly delegable, %PanamaSingaporeMozambique

Balam Labs · Agent Delegability Index v2026.1 · balamlabs.org/adi

Peers

Panama among the four income groups

ADI by income group, Panama highlighted010203040506070Low income 17Lower-middle income 33Upper-middle income 43High income 53Panama

Ring colour: income group. Vertical tick: employment-weighted mean of the row.

Same ADI, different income
Latin America and the Caribbean

Within its region

Panama sits between Paraguay (36.2%) and El Salvador (33.6%); Puerto Rico leads the region at 49.9% and Ecuador closes it at 29.3%.

CountryADI%
Puerto Rico49.9
Curaçao48.5
Barbados44.8
Argentina43.4
Saint Lucia42.4
Bahamas42.2
Jamaica40.5
Chile40.0
Brazil39.9
Colombia38.3
Uruguay38.2
Belize37.9
Costa Rica37.8
Dominican Republic37.2
Mexico36.8
Paraguay36.2
Panama34.4
El Salvador33.6
Guyana33.3
Peru33.0
Bolivia31.1
Honduras30.9
Guatemala30.3
Grenada29.7
Ecuador29.3

Dashed line: regional employment-weighted mean, 37.7%. World: 35.2%.

In the atlas
Map of the Agent Delegability Index by countryFiji: 37.1% (rank 74 of 146)Tanzania: 19.8% (rank 143 of 146)W. Sahara: no occupation dataCanada: no occupation dataUnited States: 51.9% (rank 9 of 146)Kazakhstan: no occupation dataUzbekistan: no occupation dataPapua New Guinea: 32.2% (rank 100 of 146)Indonesia: 31.4% (rank 104 of 146)Argentina: 43.4% (rank 48 of 146)Chile: 40.0% (rank 58 of 146)DR Congo: 24.3% (rank 131 of 146)Somalia: 39.2% (rank 62 of 146)Kenya: 29.6% (rank 114 of 146)Sudan: 27.9% (rank 122 of 146)Chad: 24.2% (rank 132 of 146)Haiti: no occupation dataDominican Republic: 37.2% (rank 73 of 146)Russia: 45.7% (rank 36 of 146)Bahamas: 42.2% (rank 53 of 146)Falkland Is.: no occupation dataNorway: 50.9% (rank 11 of 146)Greenland: no occupation dataFr. S. Antarctic Lands: no occupation dataTimor-Leste: 26.5% (rank 127 of 146)South Africa: no occupation dataLesotho: 20.5% (rank 142 of 146)Mexico: 36.8% (rank 76 of 146)Uruguay: 38.2% (rank 68 of 146)Brazil: 39.9% (rank 59 of 146)Bolivia: 31.1% (rank 106 of 146)Peru: 33.0% (rank 96 of 146)Colombia: 38.3% (rank 65 of 146)Panama: 34.4% (rank 87 of 146)Costa Rica: 37.8% (rank 71 of 146)Nicaragua: no occupation dataHonduras: 30.9% (rank 107 of 146)El Salvador: 33.6% (rank 90 of 146)Guatemala: 30.3% (rank 110 of 146)Belize: 37.9% (rank 69 of 146)Venezuela: no occupation dataGuyana: 33.3% (rank 93 of 146)Suriname: no occupation dataFrance: 50.7% (rank 15 of 146)Ecuador: 29.3% (rank 115 of 146)Puerto Rico: 49.9% (rank 19 of 146)Jamaica: 40.5% (rank 57 of 146)Cuba: no occupation dataZimbabwe: 22.2% (rank 137 of 146)Botswana: 32.0% (rank 101 of 146)Namibia: 39.5% (rank 61 of 146)Senegal: no occupation dataMali: 23.3% (rank 134 of 146)Mauritania: no occupation dataBenin: 28.1% (rank 121 of 146)Niger: 23.5% (rank 133 of 146)Nigeria: 29.6% (rank 113 of 146)Cameroon: 38.3% (rank 66 of 146)Togo: 30.0% (rank 111 of 146)Ghana: 30.3% (rank 109 of 146)Côte d’Ivoire: 28.4% (rank 120 of 146)Guinea: 28.8% (rank 118 of 146)Guinea-Bissau: 22.0% (rank 138 of 146)Liberia: no occupation dataSierra Leone: no occupation dataBurkina Faso: 25.5% (rank 129 of 146)Central African Rep.: no occupation dataCongo: no occupation dataGabon: 34.8% (rank 83 of 146)Equatorial Guinea: 30.8% (rank 108 of 146)Zambia: 22.8% (rank 136 of 146)Malawi: 32.5% (rank 98 of 146)Mozambique: 17.9% (rank 145 of 146)Eswatini: 33.9% (rank 89 of 146)Angola: 27.4% (rank 125 of 146)Burundi: 14.7% (rank 146 of 146)Israel: 54.3% (rank 6 of 146)Lebanon: 39.6% (rank 60 of 146)Madagascar: 19.7% (rank 144 of 146)West Bank and Gaza: 36.4% (rank 77 of 146)The Gambia: 33.2% (rank 94 of 146)Tunisia: 31.6% (rank 102 of 146)Algeria: no occupation dataJordan: 36.0% (rank 81 of 146)United Arab Emirates: 43.0% (rank 50 of 146)Qatar: 37.9% (rank 69 of 146)Kuwait: no occupation dataIraq: 36.8% (rank 75 of 146)Oman: no occupation dataVanuatu: 25.5% (rank 130 of 146)Cambodia: 26.7% (rank 126 of 146)Thailand: 33.0% (rank 97 of 146)Laos: 25.9% (rank 128 of 146)Myanmar: 28.8% (rank 117 of 146)Viet Nam: 28.5% (rank 119 of 146)North Korea: no occupation dataSouth Korea: 47.6% (rank 30 of 146)Mongolia: 38.8% (rank 64 of 146)India: 27.8% (rank 123 of 146)Bangladesh: 27.8% (rank 124 of 146)Bhutan: no occupation dataNepal: 34.8% (rank 84 of 146)Pakistan: 28.9% (rank 116 of 146)Afghanistan: 22.9% (rank 135 of 146)Tajikistan: no occupation dataKyrgyzstan: 33.4% (rank 91 of 146)Turkmenistan: no occupation dataIran: 36.0% (rank 80 of 146)Syria: no occupation dataArmenia: no occupation dataSweden: 54.8% (rank 4 of 146)Belarus: 45.0% (rank 40 of 146)Ukraine: no occupation dataPoland: 49.6% (rank 23 of 146)Austria: 49.8% (rank 20 of 146)Hungary: 46.1% (rank 33 of 146)Moldova: 31.4% (rank 105 of 146)Romania: 37.7% (rank 72 of 146)Lithuania: 49.4% (rank 24 of 146)Latvia: 48.7% (rank 26 of 146)Estonia: 48.8% (rank 25 of 146)Germany: 50.7% (rank 13 of 146)Bulgaria: 42.6% (rank 51 of 146)Greece: 45.3% (rank 38 of 146)Türkiye: 38.3% (rank 66 of 146)Albania: 31.5% (rank 103 of 146)Croatia: 47.1% (rank 31 of 146)Switzerland: 54.0% (rank 7 of 146)Luxembourg: 63.5% (rank 2 of 146)Belgium: 50.7% (rank 16 of 146)Netherlands: 54.8% (rank 5 of 146)Portugal: 48.0% (rank 28 of 146)Spain: 44.5% (rank 43 of 146)Ireland: 52.9% (rank 8 of 146)New Caledonia: no occupation dataSolomon Is.: no occupation dataNew Zealand: no occupation dataAustralia: 51.7% (rank 10 of 146)Sri Lanka: 33.3% (rank 92 of 146)China: no occupation dataTaiwan: no occupation dataItaly: 45.9% (rank 34 of 146)Denmark: 50.6% (rank 17 of 146)United Kingdom: 54.9% (rank 3 of 146)Iceland: 50.3% (rank 18 of 146)Azerbaijan: no occupation dataGeorgia: 34.7% (rank 85 of 146)Philippines: 35.3% (rank 82 of 146)Malaysia: no occupation dataBrunei: 46.2% (rank 32 of 146)Slovenia: 45.7% (rank 35 of 146)Finland: 47.6% (rank 29 of 146)Slovakia: 45.3% (rank 39 of 146)Czechia: 45.4% (rank 37 of 146)Eritrea: no occupation dataJapan: 43.7% (rank 45 of 146)Paraguay: 36.2% (rank 78 of 146)Yemen: no occupation dataSaudi Arabia: no occupation dataN. Cyprus: no occupation dataCyprus: 49.7% (rank 22 of 146)Morocco: no occupation dataEgypt: 36.2% (rank 79 of 146)Libya: no occupation dataEthiopia: 20.6% (rank 141 of 146)Djibouti: no occupation dataSomaliland: no occupation dataUganda: 21.4% (rank 140 of 146)Rwanda: 21.8% (rank 139 of 146)Bosnia and Herzegovina: 38.9% (rank 63 of 146)North Macedonia: 42.1% (rank 54 of 146)Serbia: 41.6% (rank 55 of 146)Montenegro: 49.8% (rank 21 of 146)Kosovo: no occupation dataTrinidad and Tobago: no occupation dataS. Sudan: no occupation dataBarbados: 44.8%Cabo Verde: 34.3%Curaçao: 48.5%Grenada: 29.7%Kiribati: 32.5%Saint Lucia: 42.4%Maldives: 43.4%Marshall Islands: 40.9%Malta: 50.7%Mauritius: 43.7%Nauru: 44.9%Palau: 44.3%Singapore: 64.2%Seychelles: 43.6%Tonga: 33.1%Tuvalu: 50.7%Samoa: 34.6%
< 25%25–30%30–35%35–45%≥ 45%No data
Cite this record
Text

Espinal Maya, Cristian, and Santiago Jiménez Londoño. 2026. ADI v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and MCP server. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918. Record: Panama (PAN), https://balamlabs.org/adi/countries/PAN

BibTeX
@misc{espinal2026adidata,
  title     = {{ADI} v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and {MCP} server},
  author    = {Espinal Maya, Cristian and Jim{\'e}nez Londo{\~n}o, Santiago},
  year      = {2026},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  version   = {v2026.1},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
  note      = {Record: Panama (PAN)}
}

Static JSON: /adi/v2026.1/country/PAN.json

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