ISCO-08 9411
Fast food preparers
10.2%
ADI · 358th of 433 · 95% interval 0.0–23.7
An AI agent can at least partly carry out 10.2% of the task time of fast food preparers, and finish 0.0% alone. Most of the rest requires physical presence.
ADI · partial or full10.2%
358th of 433 · interval 0.0–23.7
ADI3 · full delegation0.0%
201st of 433 · interval 0.0–0.0
ADIs · share of time11.4%
393rd of 433 · interval 7.0–17.2
Evidence30
task statements rated by two models and weighted by importance and frequency. World employment: 7.1 million.
Task weight by level
How the tasks rate
L0No meaningful role · 83.1%L1Augmentation · 6.7%L2Partial delegation · 10.2%L3Full delegation · 0.0%
Barriers
What stops the agent
Share of task weight flagged by each barrier; a task can carry several.
30 task statements, heaviest first
| Task statement (O*NET occupation) | Sonnet · Haiku | Barriers | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operate large-volume cooking equipment, such as grills, deep-fat fryers, or griddles.Cooks, Fast Food | 4.0% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 20 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Cook the exact number of items ordered by each customer, working on several different orders simultaneously.Cooks, Fast Food | 4.0% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 8 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Prepare and serve beverages, such as coffee or fountain drinks.Cooks, Fast Food | 3.8% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 3 min | Physical presence |
| Prepare specialty foods, such as pizzas, fish and chips, sandwiches, or tacos, following specific methods that usually require short preparation time.Cooks, Fast Food | 3.8% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 8 min | Physical presence |
| Read food order slips or receive verbal instructions as to food required by patron, and prepare and cook food according to instructions.Cooks, Fast Food | 3.7% | L0 | L0L1 | 8% | 4 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Serve orders to customers at windows, counters, or tables.Cooks, Fast Food | 3.7% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 3 min | Physical presence, Trust and care |
| Clean food preparation equipment, work areas, and counters or tables.Cooks, Short Order | 3.7% | L0 | L0L0 | 2% | 25 min | Physical presence |
| Order and take delivery of supplies.Cooks, Fast Food | 3.7% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 38 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Clean food preparation areas, cooking surfaces, and utensils.Cooks, Fast Food | 3.6% | L0 | L0L0 | 2% | 25 min | Physical presence, Accountability |
| Grill and garnish hamburgers or other meats, such as steaks and chops.Cooks, Short Order · supplemental task | 3.6% | L0 | L0L0 | 2% | 8 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Maintain sanitation, health, and safety standards in work areas.Cooks, Fast Food | 3.6% | L0 | L0L1 | 10% | 45 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Cook and package batches of food, such as hamburgers or fried chicken, prepared to order or kept warm until sold.Cooks, Fast Food | 3.6% | L0 | L0L0 | 6% | 14 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Take food and drink orders and receive payment from customers.Cooks, Fast Food | 3.5% | L2 | L2L2 | 50% | 3 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Plan work on orders so that items served together are finished at the same time.Cooks, Short Order | 3.5% | L1 | L1L2 | 30% | 4 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Wash, cut, and prepare foods designated for cooking.Cooks, Fast Food | 3.5% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 20 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
Show the other 15 tasks
| Task statement (O*NET occupation) | Sonnet · Haiku | Barriers | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clean, stock, and restock workstations and display cases.Cooks, Fast Food | 3.4% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 25 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Restock kitchen supplies, rotate food, and stamp the time and date on food in coolers.Cooks, Short Order | 3.4% | L0 | L0L1 | 9% | 28 min | Physical presence |
| Complete orders from steam tables, placing food on plates and serving customers at tables or counters.Cooks, Short Order | 3.3% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 5 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care |
| Verify that prepared food meets requirements for quality and quantity.Cooks, Fast Food | 3.3% | L0 | L0L1 | 10% | 2 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Grill, cook, and fry foods such as french fries, eggs, and pancakes.Cooks, Short Order | 3.3% | L0 | L0L0 | 2% | 9 min | Physical presence |
| Perform food preparation tasks, such as making sandwiches, carving meats, making soups or salads, baking breads or desserts, and brewing coffee or tea.Cooks, Short Order | 3.3% | L0 | L0L0 | 5% | 12 min | Physical presence, Accountability |
| Measure ingredients required for specific food items.Cooks, Fast Food | 3.3% | L0 | L0L1 | 10% | 3 min | Physical presence |
| Prepare dough, following recipe.Cooks, Fast Food | 3.2% | L0 | L0L1 | 6% | 25 min | Physical presence |
| Pre-cook items, such as bacon, to prepare them for later use.Cooks, Fast Food | 3.1% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 25 min | Physical presence |
| Perform general cleaning activities in kitchen and dining areas.Cooks, Short Order | 3.1% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 38 min | Physical presence |
| Schedule activities and equipment use with managers, using information about daily menus to help coordinate cooking times.Cooks, Fast Food | 3.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 52% | 20 min | Access to systems |
| Take orders from customers and cook foods requiring short preparation times, according to customer requirements.Cooks, Short Order | 2.8% | L0 | L0L0 | 8% | 8 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care |
| Mix ingredients, such as pancake or waffle batters.Cooks, Fast Food | 2.7% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 5 min | Physical presence |
| Accept payments, and make change or write charge slips as necessary.Cooks, Short Order · supplemental task | 1.6% | L1 | L1L2 | 25% | 2 min | Physical presence, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Order supplies and stock them on shelves.Cooks, Short Order · supplemental task | 1.6% | L1 | L1L2 | 35% | 38 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
Level: consensus of the two models (the lower level when they disagree). Share: part of the task’s working time an agent could take over. Human time: minutes a competent person needs for one instance, as estimated by the models.
Against other measures
Exposure is not delegation
| Measure | Value | Percentile | Pct |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADI (this index) | 10.2% | 18 | |
| Eloundou et al. (2024), GPT exposure β | 0 | 1 | |
| Felten et al. (2021), AI occupational exposure | -0.673 | 34 | |
| Webb (2020), AI patent exposure | 21 | 13 | |
| Eisfeldt et al. (2026), generative AI exposure | 0 | 4 | |
| Anthropic Economic Index, observed use | 0 | 16 |
Earlier indices measure whether AI can touch a task; ADI measures how much of it an agent can carry out from a goal. – : the source does not cover this occupation.
Same sub-major group (94)
Neighbouring occupations
| Occupation | ADI | % |
|---|---|---|
| Kitchen helpers 9412 | 2.4 |
Dashed line: fast food preparers (10.2%).
Cite this record
Text
Espinal Maya, Cristian, and Santiago Jiménez Londoño. 2026. ADI v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and MCP server. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918. Record: Fast food preparers (ISCO-08 9411), https://balamlabs.org/adi/occupations/9411
BibTeX
@misc{espinal2026adidata,
title = {{ADI} v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and {MCP} server},
author = {Espinal Maya, Cristian and Jim{\'e}nez Londo{\~n}o, Santiago},
year = {2026},
publisher = {Zenodo},
version = {v2026.1},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
note = {Record: Fast food preparers (ISCO-08 9411)}
}Machine-readable
The same record as static JSON, with its citation: /adi/v2026.1/isco/9411.json.