ISCO-08 7214
Structural-metal preparers and erectors
10.5%
ADI · 355th of 433 · 95% interval 0.0–23.8
An AI agent can at least partly carry out 10.5% of the task time of structural-metal preparers and erectors, and finish 0.0% alone. Most of the rest requires physical presence.
ADI · partial or full10.5%
355th of 433 · interval 0.0–23.8
ADI3 · full delegation0.0%
201st of 433 · interval 0.0–0.0
ADIs · share of time11.8%
391st of 433 · interval 5.9–19.7
Evidence49
task statements rated by two models and weighted by importance and frequency. World employment: 0.8 million.
Task weight by level
How the tasks rate
L0No meaningful role · 85.3%L1Augmentation · 4.2%L2Partial delegation · 10.5%L3Full delegation · 0.0%
Barriers
What stops the agent
Share of task weight flagged by each barrier; a task can carry several.
49 task statements, heaviest first
| Task statement (O*NET occupation) | Sonnet · Haiku | Barriers | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Space and fasten together rods in forms according to blueprints, using wire and pliers.Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers | 6.0% | L0 | L0L1 | 4% | 1.5 h | Physical presence |
| Determine quantities, sizes, shapes, and locations of reinforcing rods from blueprints, sketches, or oral instructions.Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers | 5.9% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 1.4 h | Access to systems |
| Position and secure steel bars, rods, cables, or mesh in concrete forms, using fasteners, rod-bending machines, blowtorches, or hand tools.Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers | 5.8% | L0 | L0L1 | 5% | 3.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability |
| Cut rods to required lengths, using metal shears, hacksaws, bar cutters, or acetylene torches.Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers | 4.8% | L0 | L0L0 | 2% | 9 min | Physical presence, Accountability |
| Place blocks under rebar to hold the bars off the deck when reinforcing floors.Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers | 4.7% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 40 min | Physical presence |
| Cut and fit wire mesh or fabric, using hooked rods, and position fabric or mesh in concrete to reinforce concrete.Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers | 3.4% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 1.4 h | Physical presence |
| Bend steel rods with hand tools or rod-bending machines and weld them with arc-welding equipment.Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers | 2.8% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 38 min | Physical presence, Accountability |
| Read specifications or blueprints to determine the locations, quantities, or sizes of materials required.Structural Iron and Steel Workers | 2.6% | L2 | L2L2 | 62% | 1.1 h | Access to systems |
| Connect columns, beams, and girders with bolts, following blueprints and instructions from supervisors.Structural Iron and Steel Workers | 2.4% | L0 | L0L1 | 6% | 1.4 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Bolt aligned structural steel members in position for permanent riveting, bolting, or welding into place.Structural Iron and Steel Workers | 2.3% | L0 | L0L1 | 4% | 25 min | Physical presence, Accountability |
| Fasten structural steel members to hoist cables, using chains, cables, or rope.Structural Iron and Steel Workers | 2.3% | L0 | L0L1 | 4% | 12 min | Physical presence, Accountability |
| Hoist steel beams, girders, or columns into place, using cranes or signaling hoisting equipment operators to lift and position structural steel members.Structural Iron and Steel Workers | 2.1% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 25 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Verify conformance of workpieces to specifications, using squares, rulers, and measuring tapes.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters | 2.1% | L0 | L0L1 | 10% | 10 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Cut, bend, or weld steel pieces, using metal shears, torches, or welding equipment.Structural Iron and Steel Workers | 2.0% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 1.3 h | Physical presence, Accountability |
| Verify vertical and horizontal alignment of structural steel members, using plumb bobs, laser equipment, transits, or levels.Structural Iron and Steel Workers | 2.0% | L0 | L0L1 | 8% | 25 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
Show the other 34 tasks
| Task statement (O*NET occupation) | Sonnet · Haiku | Barriers | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study engineering drawings and blueprints to determine materials requirements and task sequences.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters | 2.0% | L2 | L2L2 | 65% | 52 min | Access to systems |
| Position, align, fit, and weld parts to form complete units or subunits, following blueprints and layout specifications, and using jigs, welding torches, and hand tools.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters | 2.0% | L0 | L0L1 | 6% | 2.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Force structural steel members into final positions, using turnbuckles, crowbars, jacks, or hand tools.Structural Iron and Steel Workers | 1.9% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 22 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Tack-weld fitted parts together.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters | 1.9% | L0 | L0L0 | 2% | 30 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Pull, push, or pry structural steel members into approximate positions for bolting into place.Structural Iron and Steel Workers | 1.9% | L0 | L0L0 | 0% | 15 min | Physical presence, Accountability |
| Drive drift pins through rivet holes to align rivet holes in structural steel members with corresponding holes in previously placed members.Structural Iron and Steel Workers | 1.9% | L0 | L0L0 | 2% | 8 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Erect metal or precast concrete components for structures, such as buildings, bridges, dams, towers, storage tanks, fences, or highway guard rails.Structural Iron and Steel Workers | 1.9% | L0 | L0L1 | 9% | 5.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Move parts into position, manually or with hoists or cranes.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters | 1.8% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 22 min | Physical presence, Accountability |
| Unload and position prefabricated steel units for hoisting, as needed.Structural Iron and Steel Workers | 1.8% | L0 | L0L0 | 5% | 52 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Lay out and examine metal stock or workpieces to be processed to ensure that specifications are met.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters | 1.8% | L1 | L1L1 | 20% | 45 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Set up and operate fabricating machines, such as brakes, rolls, shears, flame cutters, grinders, and drill presses, to bend, cut, form, punch, drill, or otherwise form and assemble metal components.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters | 1.7% | L0 | L0L1 | 10% | 1.4 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Assemble hoisting equipment or rigging, such as cables, pulleys, or hooks, to move heavy equipment or materials.Structural Iron and Steel Workers | 1.7% | L0 | L0L1 | 10% | 52 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Position or tighten braces, jacks, clamps, ropes, or bolt straps, or bolt parts in position for welding or riveting.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters | 1.6% | L0 | L0L0 | 3% | 22 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Set up face blocks, jigs, and fixtures.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters | 1.6% | L0 | L0L1 | 10% | 1.0 h | Physical presence |
| Hammer, chip, and grind workpieces to cut, bend, and straighten metal.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters | 1.6% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 38 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Lift or move materials and finished products, using large cranes.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters | 1.6% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 22 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Trust and care, Access to systems |
| Mark reference points onto floors or face blocks and transpose them to workpieces, using measuring devices, squares, chalk, and soapstone.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters · supplemental task | 1.6% | L0 | L0L1 | 8% | 38 min | Physical presence |
| Ride on girders or other structural steel members to position them, or use rope to guide them into position.Structural Iron and Steel Workers · supplemental task | 1.6% | L0 | L0L0 | 0% | 22 min | Physical presence, Accountability |
| Align and fit parts according to specifications, using jacks, turnbuckles, wedges, drift pins, pry bars, and hammers.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters | 1.5% | L0 | L0L1 | 8% | 45 min | Physical presence, Accountability |
| Fabricate metal parts, such as steel frames, columns, beams, or girders, according to blueprints or instructions from supervisors.Structural Iron and Steel Workers | 1.5% | L0 | L0L1 | 10% | 3.5 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Locate and mark workpiece bending and cutting lines, allowing for stock thickness, machine and welding shrinkage, and other component specifications.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters | 1.3% | L1 | L1L2 | 35% | 30 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Direct welders to build up low spots or short pieces with weld.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters · supplemental task | 1.2% | L0 | L0L1 | 12% | 15 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Remove high spots and cut bevels, using hand files, portable grinders, and cutting torches.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters | 1.2% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 38 min | Physical presence |
| Smooth workpiece edges and fix taps, tubes, and valves.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters | 1.2% | L0 | L0L0 | 2% | 30 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Straighten warped or bent parts, using sledges, hand torches, straightening presses, or bulldozers.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters · supplemental task | 1.2% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 45 min | Physical presence, Accountability |
| Design and construct templates and fixtures, using hand tools.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters · supplemental task | 1.1% | L1 | L1L2 | 28% | 3.0 h | Physical presence |
| Heat-treat parts, using acetylene torches.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters · supplemental task | 0.9% | L0 | L0L0 | 2% | 38 min | Physical presence, Accountability |
| Hold rivets while riveters use air hammers to form heads on rivets.Structural Iron and Steel Workers · supplemental task | 0.9% | L0 | L0L0 | 0% | 31 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Preheat workpieces to make them malleable, using hand torches or furnaces.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters · supplemental task | 0.9% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 18 min | Physical presence, Accountability |
| Dismantle structures or equipment.Structural Iron and Steel Workers | 0.9% | L0 | L0L2 | 12% | 6.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Erect ladders and scaffolding to fit together large assemblies.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters · supplemental task | 0.9% | L0 | L0L1 | 6% | 1.8 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Place blocks under reinforcing bars used to reinforce floors.Structural Iron and Steel Workers · supplemental task | 0.8% | L0 | L0L0 | 2% | 32 min | Physical presence, Access to systems |
| Insert sealing strips, wiring, insulating material, ladders, flanges, gauges, or valves, depending on types of structures being assembled.Structural Iron and Steel Workers · supplemental task | 0.8% | L0 | L0L0 | 4% | 45 min | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
| Install boilers, containers, and other structures.Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters · supplemental task | 0.5% | L0 | L0L1 | 6% | 8.0 h | Physical presence, Accountability, Access to systems |
Level: consensus of the two models (the lower level when they disagree). Share: part of the task’s working time an agent could take over. Human time: minutes a competent person needs for one instance, as estimated by the models.
Against other measures
Exposure is not delegation
| Measure | Value | Percentile | Pct |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADI (this index) | 10.5% | 18 | |
| Eloundou et al. (2024), GPT exposure β | 0.052 | 9 | |
| Felten et al. (2021), AI occupational exposure | -1.609 | 3 | |
| Webb (2020), AI patent exposure | 34 | 25 | |
| Eisfeldt et al. (2026), generative AI exposure | 0 | 4 | |
| Anthropic Economic Index, observed use | 0.016 | 46 |
Earlier indices measure whether AI can touch a task; ADI measures how much of it an agent can carry out from a goal. – : the source does not cover this occupation.
Same sub-major group (72)
Neighbouring occupations
| Occupation | ADI | % |
|---|---|---|
| Toolmakers and related workers 7222 | 29.6 | |
| Bicycle and related repairers 7234 | 28.2 | |
| Aircraft engine mechanics and repairers 7232 | 21.4 | |
| Metal working machine tool setters and operators 7223 | 17.4 | |
| Sheet-metal workers 7213 | 14.8 | |
| Agricultural and industrial machinery mechanics and repairers 7233 | 14.7 | |
| Welders and flamecutters 7212 | 9.9 | |
| Blacksmiths, hammersmiths and forging press workers 7221 | 9.1 | |
| Riggers and cable splicers 7215 | 7.9 | |
| Motor vehicle mechanics and repairers 7231 | 7.1 | |
| Metal polishers, wheel grinders and tool sharpeners 7224 | 4.1 | |
| Metal moulders and coremakers 7211 | 2.3 |
Dashed line: structural-metal preparers and erectors (10.5%).
Cite this record
Text
Espinal Maya, Cristian, and Santiago Jiménez Londoño. 2026. ADI v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and MCP server. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918. Record: Structural-metal preparers and erectors (ISCO-08 7214), https://balamlabs.org/adi/occupations/7214
BibTeX
@misc{espinal2026adidata,
title = {{ADI} v2026.1: Agent Delegability Index data, code and {MCP} server},
author = {Espinal Maya, Cristian and Jim{\'e}nez Londo{\~n}o, Santiago},
year = {2026},
publisher = {Zenodo},
version = {v2026.1},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23552918},
note = {Record: Structural-metal preparers and erectors (ISCO-08 7214)}
}Machine-readable
The same record as static JSON, with its citation: /adi/v2026.1/isco/7214.json.